Cause and effect essay topics

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the beginning of World War 2

If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on the beginning of World War 2. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality the beginning of World War 2 paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in the beginning of World War 2, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your the beginning of World War 2 paper at affordable prices! The Beginning of World War II

At dayeak on the first day of September, 1, the residents

of Poland awakened to grave news. A juggernaut force of tanks, guns,

Online essay help on the beginning of World War 2 and countless grey-clad soldiers from nearby Germany had torn across

the countryside and were making a total invasion of the Poles

homelands. Germanys actions on that fateful morning ignited a

conflict that would spread like a wildfire, engulfing the entire globe

in a great world war. This scenario is many peoples conception of

how World War II came about. In reality, the whole story is far more

detailed and complex. The origins of war can be traced as far back as

the end of the first World War in 11, when the Treaty of Versailles

placed responsibility for that terrible war squarely on Germany.

Years later, in the Far East, Japanese ambition for territory led the

nation to invade Manchuria and other parts of nearby China, causing

hostilities to flare in the Pacific Rim. Greatitain, the United

States, and many other nations of the world would all be drawn into

battle in the years to come, and each nation had its own reason for

lending a hand in the struggle.

Although Germany was the major player in World War II, the

seeds of war had already been planted in the Far East years before

conflict in Europe. On September 18, 11, the powerful Japanese

military forces began an invasion of the region known as Manchuria, an

area belonging to mainland China. This actionoke non-aggression

treaties that had been signed earlier. It also was carried out by

Japanese generals without the consent of the Japanese government. In

spite of this, no one was ever punished for the actions. Soon after

the assault on China, the Japanese government decided it had no choice

but to support the occupation of Manchuria. By the next year the

region had been completely cut off from China (Ienaga 60-64). Because

of the Japanese offensive in China, the League of Nations held a vote

in October to force Japan out of the captured territory. The vote was

passed, 1 to 1, but Japan remained in control of Manchuria. A second

vote, taken in Feuary, 1, a formal disapproval of the Japanese

occupation, was passed 4 to 1. Instead of expelling Japan from the

area of Manchuria, it caused the nation to formally withdraw its

membership in the League of Nations the next month (Ienaga 66).

Now unrestrained by the recommendations of the League of

Nations, Japan continued its intrusion onto Chinese soil. By 17

Japan had moved military forces into Beijing, Shanghai, and Nanjing,

as well as other regions of China. By 140, Japanese seizure of

territory had spread to deep inside Southeast Asia and even parts of

Australia (Sutel et al). Also in 140, the Triparte Pact was signed,

allying Japan, Germany, and Italy into a powerful force that stretched

halfway around the planet. The association with Hitler and Germany

unified the war in the Pacific and the war in Europe. Japan was now

fully involved in what came to be known as World War II. As warfare

raged in the Pacific Rim, a chain of events was unfolding that would

produce catastrophic results. The Treaty of Versailles of 11 held

Germany fully accountable for the tragedy of World War I. The nation

was stripped of large areas of land, its armaments, as well as its

dignity. In addition, the reparations that were to be paid to the

allied nations virtually destroyed the economy of Germany. The

resentment of the treaty burned in the hearts and minds of Germans for

years afterward. In 1, a man by the name of Adolf Hitler was

elected Chancellor of Germany after working his way up the ladder of

government. By speaking against the Treaty of Versailles and making

promises of a better life to the German people, Hitler gained the

support of his fellow countrymen, and he easily won the election.

Almost immediately after Hitler took office he began securing his

position in power. Hitler took steps to eliminate all opposition,

including political parties and anyone else who spoke out against him.

The death of President Hindenburg in 14 clinched his high standing,

and he in effect became dictator of Germany. Hitler held the titles

of Head of State, Commander in Chief of German military forces,

Chancellor, and Chief of the Nazi Party (Elliott 57). There was no

question of his supremacy. With his empire established, Hitler took

steps to rearm Germany, leading the nation down the road to war. In

violation of the Treaty of Versailles and a naval treaty signed with

Greatitain, Hitler rebuilt the nations army and naval forces. By

15 the ranks of the army had swelled to over 500,000 and production

of arms and ammunition had resumed (7). Also, the Rhineland, a

region in western Germany next to France, was reoccupied by military

units. This region had been demilitarized after World War I, and the

Treaty of Versailles forbade occupation of the area. In spite of the

violations of treaty after treaty, little was done by the world powers

to control the renewed German militarism.

With the stage now set, Hitler set his plan for conquest into

motion. Beginning in 18, Hitler used threats and political

maneuvering to overthrow the government of nearby Austria. His next

target was Czechoslovakia. In March of 1, the nation was overtaken

after Hitler threatened a bombing of Prague if his army met resistance

on its invasion of the country (80). With the conquest of Europe

well underway and his reich expanding rapidly, Hitlers power and

influence was growing greater each day. He now planned to add Poland

to his list of accomplishments and further extend the German empire.

The threat of Russia backing the Poles to defend against an attack was

neutralized when Germany and Russia signed a nonaggression pact saying

that the two nations would not go to war. Greatitain sternly

warned Germany that an attack on Poland would be considered an act of

war. Hitler fearlessly ignored the warnings, and his operation swung

into action. In the early morning hours of September 1, 1, German

forces mobilized and swarmed into Poland. The old-fashioned Polished

cavalry was devastated in the assault, as they stood no chance against

the mighty Panzer tanks that rolled through the country with

frightening speed. Two days after the attack,itain and France

joined in a declaration of war against Germany. Their belated

reactions, however, could not save the army of Poland. In a battle

that raged for nearly a month, the Polish army was eventually cornered

in the capital city of Warsaw. After autal siege of the city, the

valiant countrymen of Poland had no choice but to surrender to the

overwhelming German force. The point of no return had been crossed,

and Europe had fallen into the clutches of war for the second time in

the century. Greatitain still remembered the horrors of World War

I, and when Germany began to renew its sense of militarism,itain

was hesitant to start another war. Instead of using force, the

itish leaders, including prime minister Neville Chamberlain, sought

a diplomatic solution to conflicts. When Germanys ambitions were to

capture the area known as Sudentland, in Czechoslovakia, Chamberlain

held several meetings with Hitler and other nations, desperately

trying to prevent an armed conflict with Germany. Chamberlain

believed that by granting Hitlers demands, he could avoid a war with

Germany (Elliot 7-74). He was sorely mistaken. Even after all the

negotiation and bargaining, Hitlers forces eventually overtook the

entire nation of Czechoslovakia by force.

When it became clear that Hitler next planned an invasion of

Poland, Greatitain had no choice but to issue a threat of war if

Germany went through with the operation. The threat was simply

disregard, and the attack on Poland was carried out as planned. On

September third, 1, two days after the Polish invasion began,

Chamberlain gave a speech in which he finally stated that, This

country is at war with Germany...(Wernick 8). The joint

declaration of war on Germany with France became official the same

day. In spite of efforts to avoid combat, the fears of theitish

people had come true on that day.

The United States of America, like Greatitain, had hoped to

avoidinging the horrors of war to its people. For many years

after the development of tensions in Europe and the Far East, the

leaders of the U.S. had done nearly everything possible to remain

neutral. For them, too, the memories of World War I were still fresh

in mind. Although the U.S. did participate in such affairs as the

temporary peace treaty that prevented the capture of Shanghai by the

Japanese, the U.S. was determined to prevent the need for its troops

to be placed in the way of danger(Ienaga 66). And so it would have

remained, if it were not for one incident that would change the lives

of many in the United States.

The morning of Sunday, December 7, 141 began as any other day

in Pearl Harbor, a U.S. naval base in Hawaii. At 74, the Japanese

fleet of carriers that had been making its way toward the Hawaiian

Islands sprang into action. Wave after wave of Japanese aircraft

screamed into the harbor and pounced on the American fleet as it sat

helpless (Ienaga 16). No one saw the attack coming, so defense to

theutal assault was minimal. In the aftermath of the carnage, the

final tallies shocked the nation. Five U.S. battleships and ten

warships had been destroyed, and three more battleships were severely

damaged. The human death toll was also high. Over ,400 American

soldiers were slaughtered in the strike.

Franklin D. Roosevelt wasted no time in reacting to the attack

on Pearl Harbor. By the afternoon of December 7th, Roosevelt had

ordered protection for Washington D.C., major cities along the western

coast, majoridges, and dozens of other security precautions in the

event of another wave of enemy aggression (Bailey 0). The next day,

Roosevelt delivered a speech to congress asking for a declaration of

war. The beginning of the speech would become famous in American history.

Yesterday, December 7, 141 - a date which will live in

infamy, the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately

attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan... () Less

than an hour after Roosevelt gave his powerful speech, congress voted

to declare war on Japan. The declaration was signed by Roosevelt

himself at 410 that afternoon (). In the space of only two days,

the United states had gone from a neutral spectator to a major

participant in World War II.

The United States, Greatitain, Germany, and Japan were four

of the largest countries that became heavily involved in the second

world war. But, many more nations played smaller roles in the event.

For instance, Italy was an ally of Germany and Japan, having signed

the Triparte Pact in 140. But, the Italians were less than essential

to Hitlers domination of Europe, and Benito Moussolini, dictator of

Italy, suffered many humiliating defeats at the hands of the allies

(Keegan et al).

Another country that played a role in the war in Europe was

the U.S.S.R. Once considered neutral in the war because of a

nonaggression treaty with Germany, the Soviet Union was drawn into the

fighting on June , 141, when the German offensive code-named

Operation Barbarossa began. The German forces planned to attack the

Soviets at three points - Leningrad, Moscow, and Stalingrad, and was

expected to be completed in 6 weeks. The Russians proved tenacious,

however, and defended their capital and country with great effort,

eventually halting the German advance.

France was a third major European state that was caught up in

the chaotic beginnings of World War II. Allied with Greatitain,

France joined in the battle of Europe after the invasion of Poland in

1. Unfortunately, Hitlers forces eventually invaded France,

ending their ability to fend off the attacks of the Axis powers.

Germanys invasion of Poland in late 1 is considered the

major event that set World War II in motion. But, like many other

events in history, there is more to the story. Dozens of smaller

occurrences pushed the world closer and closer to theink of war

over a period of many years. The results of each of these incidents

culminated in total warfare that turned half of the world into a

battleground. Several major countries were plunged into chaos and

disorder, and the scars and horrible memories of the nightmare that

was World War II are something that can never be erased or

forgotten.

---

Works Cited

Bailey, Ronald H. The Home Front U.S.A. Morristown Silver Burdett

Co., 177.

Elliott,endan John. Hitler and Germany. New York McGraw-Hill,

168.

Ienaga, Saburo. The Pacific War, 11-145. New York Random House,

187.

Keegan, John. Who Was Who in World War II. New York Crescent, 184.

Ross, Stewart. Causes and Concequences of World War II. Austin

Steck-Vaughn, 16.

Snyder, Louis L. The War - A Consice History. New York Julian Messner

Incorporated, 160.

Some Japaneese Still Dont Get It. Wisconsin State Journal.

[Madison] 14 September 15.

Sutel, Seth. Japaneese Official Puts New Spin on World War II. The

Capital Times. [Madison] 5 June 14.

Wernick, Robert. Blitzkrieg. Morristown Silver Burdett, 177

Please note that this sample paper on the beginning of World War 2 is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on the beginning of World War 2, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on the beginning of World War 2 will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Masks In Ancient Greece

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Masks In Ancient Greece. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Masks In Ancient Greece paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Masks In Ancient Greece, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Masks In Ancient Greece paper at affordable prices! It was in Ancient Greece, during the golden age (approximately 500 00 BCE) that masks were being worn for comedic and tragic dramatic purposes. The plays that took place in those days were written in honor of the god Dionysus and they were presented in yearly festivals. Thus, this was the birth of ancient Greek theatre.

Masks had many significant functions in ancient Greek theatre. For starters, at that time in history, all of the actors were male. With this being the case, the masks played an imperative role in disguising their manly facial features with a feminine face; therefore allowing them to established the female roles. As well, the number of actors in a play varied from a mere one to three. The masks allowed each actor to play more roles and showed the change in character and mood to the audience. In general, the masks portrayed whether the actor was female or male, rich or poor and the different occupations and status of the character. A relevant example of this is that the members of the chorus wore masks that were similar to one another; however, they were completely different from those of leading actors, such as a priest or a God. This was vital in distinguishing between major and minor characters, as well as their status in the state.

Other interesting comments are that the masks were used to enhance the volume of the actors voice, so that everyone in the large theatres of those times could hear their voice. Continuing on, since the facial expressions would only be visible to the closest members of the audience, it only seemed practical to wear these fairly simple andoadly designed masks. The expressions engraved are constant and could be seen, even by the attendants in the furthest row. This also allowed for the audience to judge the character based on his actions, not his appearance. This ties into Aristotles concept that the story is based on the plot and actions of characters, not the characters themselves. Generally, the masks of tragedy were of the ordinary, face-fitting size, with wigs attached and open mouths to allow clear speech. They were crucial to show the audience how the character was feeling. The masks were therefore specialized to each character in a comedy or tragedy and displayed emotions such as happy, sad, tired, upset, and scared. This certain idea of distinguishing human types continued to model theatrical presentation well into the seventeenth century in Europe.

In order for the audience to easily identify characters as they emerged onto the stage, masks were made stereotypically. On example of this; young characters had long, flowing hair with rosier colored faces, while old men had pale faces with curly, long, white hair. Extremely pale complexions signified a diseased or dying character. There were even distinct masks for mythological creatures, such as satyrs. These specific characters possessed enlarged skulls with a forehead projecting over the eyes. They had black, curly hair receded so that the top of their heads were bald. There were also tiny horns strategically on their heads. The masks had to be reasonably light in weight, so that the actors were comfortable. Usually, the masks were made of linen, wood or leather, and even flour paste. Marble or stone face carvings were used as the moulds for the mask, and these are the only evidence of the masks as no originals remain. Unfortunately, no masks could withstand the wears of time from the days of ancient Greek theatre, due to the fact that they were made of materials that could not outlast time and deterioration. Human or animal hair was even used to complete the look and create a natural look. These masks covered the entire head of the actor. An actor usually wore a cap underneath the mask to protect the skull. The mask only had small holes in the place of the pupil so that the actor could see. In general, the female masks had bigger mouths and eyes to emphasize their beauty.

In closing, masks were the most essential part of the actors disguise. They were absolutely pivotal in order to carry out the play.

Please note that this sample paper on Masks In Ancient Greece is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Masks In Ancient Greece, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Masks In Ancient Greece will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Fire Ant Attack

If you order your paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Fire Ant Attack. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Fire Ant Attack paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Fire Ant Attack, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Fire Ant Attack paper at affordable prices!

Title: Fire Ant Attack!! Topic: Fire Ants Specific purpose: To inform my audience about the imported fire ant Thesis statement: Today, I want to share what I have learned about the imported fire ant.

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INTRODUCTION Attention material:"Fire ant ATTACK!!!" Credility material:Fire ants can be a real pain. Imported fire ants are extremely aggressive in defending their mounds. When disturbed thousands of fire ants rush out to attack the intruder. Stings cause an intense burning sensation. Which gave these ants their names of "fire" ants. The sting causes a red, swollen are which takes a week or more to dry up. Most of us in East Texas know that fire ant stings are unpleasant and uncomfortable--something to be avoided at all cost. Of course you can avoid stings by not standing on a fire ant mound. But there is more to learn about fire ants and their control. Thesis statement: Today, I want to share what I have learned about the red imported fire ant. Preview: There is much more to learn about fire ant history, identification and control methods. (Transition: "Why don't we begin today with a little history.) BODY I. HOW the fire ant got to be such a problem in the US A. Where they came from and how they got here 1. Native to South America 2. Came to the US in the early 1930s 3. Came on a banana boat to Mobile, AL. B. Quick spread and where they are now at 1. Transport on infested sod and nursery stock 2. Infests eleven southern states and Puerto Rico and growing (Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina) C. Reasons for successful spread 1. Reproduction 2. Competitively superior 3. Dispersal 4. Feeding behavior D. Laws and technologies (Transition: The second thing we need to learn about fire ants is .....) II. How can you tell the ants apart A. Best known for aggressive behavior 1. Defending mound 2. Stinging B. Best way to identify is their mounds 1. Where built 2. Size 3. Appearance (Transition: There are so many things to look at for fire ant control it can be mind boggling, but....... III. There are two major control methods to consider: Chemical and Non chemical A. Chemical 1. Baits 2. Contact insecticides B. Non chemical 1. Biological 2. Mechanical 3. Organic

CONCLUSION Summary statement: In summary, we find that there is more to the fire ant than many think. The imported fire ant will never be totally eradicated, but by knowing of their history, identification and control we can help prevent the spread of fire ants. Concluding remarks: If you remember these major things about fire ants, you can help prevent a fire ant attack! Please note that this sample paper on Fire Ant Attack is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Fire Ant Attack, we are here to assist you. Your custom paper on Fire Ant Attack will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Controversial essay topics

Controversial essay topics are recognized being the most burning and hot difficulties that will easily raise some ultimately heated debates, in addition to provoke a kind of a confrontation concerning an ambiguous subject of a modern-day interest. There's the majority of difficulties that have a tendency to cause really strong and yet divergent feelings and opinions inside people. This sort of difficulties may possibly trigger not much less divergent and contradictive dispute or argument, etc. Such opinions and feelings may possibly as a rule exist because of the quantity of the religious, social, or political beliefs, etc. They give raise for the controversy that is certainly embodied inside a professionally written essay. Thus, the most controversial essay topics have a tendency to polarize persons that will make strong arguments against and for ones subjects. They traditionally come from those people ideas or concepts that have the most various things of view that will make up essential issue. Controversial topics for essays are generally much more possibly being significantly talked about and traditionally raise the interest inside majority of people. They're considered being captivating and thrilling, however, generally they may be recognized being the things of great nicety that touches on numerous sore questions in any sphere of human activity. Hence, the primary essay writing is to call the attention of the audience to some facts. While writing the most controversial essay topics every student must be capable to encounter hot and burning difficulties that will be of interest for ones most several audience members. These difficulties must trigger the widest confrontation concerning the catching difficulty that is certainly from the high interest. Traditionally, persons have the strongest feelings and emotions about this kind of problems. No wonder, they may possibly trigger the wide and vivid discussion in regards to some vital religious, social or political controversial essay topics. Normally controversial essay topics can trigger the polarization of arguing parties, who have the principles of their very own and can defend their position concerning this or that specific issue. Anyway, you need to pick the most well-known and really controversial essay topics. You can pick the most well-known topics that will be widely debated in newspapers, magazines, on the internet or TV. It's essential to mind that controversial essay topics are developed to raise the interest and would like to believe with numerous people. Controversial essay topics are always really thrilling and captivating, however, they're things of ethics, of very good nicety, etc. It's essential to remember that their primary issue to call for peoples attention, offer some food for thought. Incredibly always controversial essay topics can turn out to be the subjects of one's search tasks. And you may get one of the most topics on the list of search controversial essay topics too. In any case, if the students can't afford themselves writing nice controversial essay topics, they are able to appeal for the most professional academic writing support agencies that will offer one of the most controversial essay topics at affordable costs and inside the shortest period of time. Sometimes, to discover controversial essay topics is so tough for students that academic writing help is really exciting and caning the desired certain result.

mexican ceramics

If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on mexican ceramics. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality mexican ceramics paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in mexican ceramics, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your mexican ceramics paper at affordable prices! Mexican Ceramics

Mexican ceramic ware or pottery has existed sice ancient times, long before the arrival of the Spanish. However with the arrival of the Spanish in 151 came an artistic influences from around the world which have been incorporated into Mexican ceramic art. These influences have been traced to the Islamic Moorish tradition as well as to native Spanish, Italian and Chinese ceramic art...

Since the appearance of the Olmec culture, ceramics took an important place in the lives of Mexican people. The vessels, figures, and various types of utensils found in archaeological ruins of ancient cites, suggests the techniques used in their ceramics the use of clay, knowledge of fire in their work, and some knowledge of coloring and painting designs.

The Olmecs (1500 B.C. - 800 A.D.) Transcended their era and left behind their knowledge to the cultures that came after them.

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The Teotihuacáns (100 B.C.-800 A.D.) prepared the majority of their vessels with clay and decorated them with a variety of techniques mainly stucco, painting and smoothing.

The ceramics of the Aztecs (15 A.D. -151 A.D.) was carried was extremely varied. They made al types of earthenware, plates, jugs, caps, pots, mostly with red and orange clay.

The Mixtecs stood out for their polychrome lacquer ceramics, in which after polishing a piece, they would cover it with white stucco and then paint it.

To the north, the Casas Grandes culture (100 A.D.-160 A.D.) produced beautiful polychrome ceramic, basically with geometric motives and influences from the Mimes culture.

Each region had its own unique characteristics in pottery. However, in all these cultures, the potter himself was given a great deal of importance. The Aztecs summed it up in the following way

"A good potter

Puts great care into his work,

Teaches the clay to lie,

Speaks with his own heart,

ings life to things,

Creates them,

Knows everything as if he were a Toltec,

Makes his hands skillful."

The ancient techniques employed to make ceramics are still used today mostly in the rural parts of Mexico. Although these groups were able to preserve their artistic techniques-coil building, open firing, natural pigments- they lost their original language and their religion.

When the Spanish arrived, the blending of societies allowed the indigenous people to learn new techniques, and the combination of styles gave life to some of the more famous ceramic styles of Mexican ceramics, such as the "majolica" or better known as the Talavera.

The tradition of Talavera potter is a utilitarian art form which is deeply rooted in many different cultures. Talavera majolica earthenware is a fusion of style and technique that can be traced back to Asia and Italy and which ultimately propagated to Spain, Portugal and the New World.

Though variations of this art form date back to the eight century when Arab cultures stepped into Europe, the earliest examples of true Talavera come from 15th century Spain. Many of the designs, "flora y fauna," are borrowed from ancient Chinese and Philippine designs in which certain animals, birds, deer and flowers, can be easily identified. in the Middle ages, the Italians were experimenting with polychrome glaze techniques and a variety of new colors were developed by combining metal and tin oxides with lead sulphates. During this same time, artists created glazes with colors by working the kiln at much higher and lower temperatures. This combination of Italian technique, Asian design and Islamic design was introduced to the Spanish in the early 15th century and a new form of ceramics was born.

Though the finest pieces of Talavera were made as decorative objects for wealthier, aristocratic families, most pieces; bowls, jugs, plates, oil jars and tile, were used as everyday ware by the common person. Most of these pieces were produced in Seville, Granada and Talavera de la Reina, which became well known centers for high quality ceramics. Not long after, artists sailed to the New World where there was already an industry of Talavera factories and few craftsmen. In Puebla de Los Angeles, Mexican Talavera pottery created a name for it, Hispano Poblano, and is now one of the most respected forms of pottery in the Western World.

Puebla, Mexico, is highly regarded for its ceramic tiles and tableware especially the Talavera, which is characterized by patterns, a lot of color, and designs that feature traditional Spanish techniques. It involves two firings first with a tin glaze and then lead. Theightly painted designs are applied between the two firings.

Pueblas Talavera comes directly from Arabian-Andalusian tradition which began in Spain in the 1th century, when the influence of the Arabic culture passed on its techniques to peninsular potters. In the 16th century the Talavera became very popular and wasought to Puebla. Although the Talavera is only produced in Puebla, other majolica type earthenware is also produced in Dolores Hidalgo, Guanajuato, and San Miguel de Allende.

The Uriate family has a factory in Puebla which produces Talavera ware. Here, two types of clay are mixed together. This clay is then kneaded and the pieces are shaped on a potters wheel or in a mold and left to dry. The pieces are fired at 850C and become hard and terracotta colored. More color is applied in traditional designs. The design is transferred to the ceramic by carbon on a paper stencil. Then, the resulting dot pattern is used as a guide for the hand painted colors. The hand painted piece is fired again to make the long-lasting and beautiful ceramics that are sold in Puebla.

To the west in Tonala, Jalisco is another Mexican state with a long tradition of ceramic production. In michoacan, red ware is used to make everything from large cooking posts to rice dishes to table dishes.

In Oaxaca, the town of San Bartolo is famous for its barro negro, or black clay. The clay gets this black color through pigments in the polishing process, whichings out the red color from inside the clay.

The small town of Mata Ortiz, Chihuahua stands out for its beautiful pottery as well. It was here that they reinvented pre-Hispanic ceramic techniques after remains of ancient pottery were found in a ruin.

Some Mexican artists have made new forms and designs for typical Mexican artwork. In the 150s, stoneware appeared in Mexico. The origin of this type of ceramics is from China, Korea, and Japan. This technique was introduced to Mexico by a small group of Mexican ceramic artists who studied aoad, mainly in Japan and the United States. Little by little, it caught on, and these days there are several regional centers in which artists work with stoneware. Michoacan, Vera Cruz, and Jalisco are some states with this type of centers.

In Metepec, Mexico, the ceramic tradition has been influenced by Christian beliefs. Here, they create the well known arboles de la vida, trees of life, which are made to look like a tree. Wire is used to attach the clay leafs and figurines to the "tree." It is called de la vida because it explains the origins of life. Usually there are figures of God, angels and Adam and Eve, as well as the serpent and some fruit are represented by special figures.

Since the tree represents the Day of the Dead tree, some trees are also made by using skeletons, and images related to the festivity.

In the more modern times, ceramics took on a new style and a new design. People began making more designs that included contemporary life. These designsing out the true Mexican culture, style, and color. The colors symbolize the ethnic blends that exist in Mexico today. The style symbolizes more than just the artists taste. It symbolizes the early culture and how ceramics began. For if the Spanish never would have reached the New World, the style would be different and would not reflect whatsoever its Spanish roots. In the pre Colombian era, many forms of ceramics were created with great artistic value, characterized by great impressionism.

As we can see, Mexican ceramicsing together the influences of pre-Hispanic, European, Arabic and Oriental cultures. Whatever technique is used, Mexican ceramics have an individuality and "flavor" that is appreciated for its art and quality worldwide.

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