Aliandi

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Aliandi. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Aliandi paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Aliandi, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Aliandi paper at affordable prices! At the outset, 17-year-old Josie Aliandi who lives in the inner suburbs of Sydney with her single mom, Christina yearns to get out of here. She feels hemmed in by the demands of her Sicilian family, especially by her kind but strict grandmother, Nonna who has never forgiven her mother for having a child out of wedlock. The tightly knit, colourful but restrictive world in which Josie has grown up is neatly encapsulated in the opening sequence in which she escapes her extended familys celeation of what she derisively calls National Wog Day by going to the beach with her Italian-born girlfriends. The intelligent Josie has won a scholarship to an exclusive private school, where she has fallen foul of racist snob Carly On the romantic front; shes torn between two boys -- handsome WASP John and scruffy, fun-loving Jacob who goes to a lowly state school.

Meanwhile, Nonna is excited because Michael Andretti a former neighbour, who has made good as a lawyer, is returning to Sydney; Christina is less excited -- unbeknownst to her mother and daughter, Michael is Josies father, and Christina is nervous about a reunion with her former lover. While coping with all these personal pressures, plus school finals, Josie is profoundly affected by an out-of-left-field tragedy involving the death of someone close to her. But the common sense and resilience of this well-balanced and immensely likable youngster see her through.

Waz up Peoples, and welcome to RT, Ruthless Entertainment. I am ……………. And this is ……………

Featuring in todays show we have special guest speaker ……………. And he will be giving us a review on the movie "Looking for Aliandi". To you …………… Cheap research paper on Aliandi thank you …………… the movie looking for Aliandi is based on a novel by Melinda Marchetta. Like many novels adapted for film, not all elements of the original story are included.

The flick everyone is talking about. Looking for Aliandi is originally a novel written by Italian-Australian author Melina Marchetta. The central character of Josie narrates the story from the opening credits as we walk around the annual Italian tomato bottling ceremony, in the back garden of an Italian family living in thesuburbs of Sydney.Josie Aliandi (Pia Miranda]) is 17 and studying in her final year at a prestigious Catholic girls school on a scholarship. Shes your average teenage girl likes to hang out at the beach with friends, driving around in the car and of course is interested in boys. In fact, she has two guys in mind; one is John Barton a top student at a posh Sydney school and son of a politician, and Jacob Coote captain of the local public high school, who seems more street-wise. Other more influential characters in Josies life include her neurotic grandmother her amazing mother and her sudden father who waltzes suddenly into her life.Josies character can be easily related to, as experiences are those that teenagers go through every day, taking them so seriously, i.e. life. Josie does know how to have fun while holding on to the cultural aspects of her life, and this is what makes her character so strong.Looking for Aliandi touches upon areas rarely expressed in feature films ethnic Australia. It shows the difficulties and confusing cultural aspects in a jovial way, as well as focusing on themes such as female strengths and modern families.

Please note that this sample paper on Aliandi is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Aliandi, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Aliandi will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Property In Wyoming

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Property in Wyoming

My property in Wyoming is special to me because of the scenery and peacefulness.

When ever I need aeak from reality I can always go up there and lose myself with hard work and rewarding outcomes. To the West are the mountains and Laramie Peak; to the

South is the little town of Wheatland, population of 5,000; to the East is Grey Rocks

Lake; and to the North is a valley full of cattle and many other farm animals.

When my father first bought the property eight years ago, there was nothing but

three humongous oaks, seventy acres of fields, and a road that is two-thirds a mile long.

Within a few years, we built a barn. That took a good six months to build. We lived in a

truck camper while we built the barn, always cooking on the grill and sometimes going

into town to get some fast food. Then a few more years later we started to build a house.

We built it ground-up, it was a lot of fun learning how to build anything and just knowing

that you built your own house was very rewarding. We finally had a place to live. No one

had ever been in the house before us. It felt nice to know that we started with nothing and blossomed.

During the summer my dad and I bale up hay to let the land pay for itself. We have

two tractors, one for me and one for him, a baler, stacker, and a swather. The swather is

used to mow/cut down the field when it is ready to be done. Then we let the hay dry for

about a week to make sure that when we bale it up the bales arent moldy. Im normally

the one to bale up the hay. Thats my equipment to play with. Then after the hay is all

baled up my dad goes around with the stacker and picks up the bales. I think its funny

how the land can pay for itself, I guess its a farmer thing.

The land by the way is beautiful. The valley is a perfect place to go and think about

anything, especially when you need to answer a question that has been bothering you. It is

perfect for painting a scenery or landscape because it is forever changing. During daytime,

the grass is green, yellow, and sometimes during the droughts,own. Then at night, the

sunsets are many different colors. Some nights it is purple and pink or orange and red. The

best thing about the sunsets are that they are never the same color or look. The clouds are

magnificent with the sunsets. They make you feel like your on another planet. I guess the

ever-changing seasons and colors are what make the farm in Wyoming my special place.

Please note that this sample paper on Property In Wyoming is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Property In Wyoming, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Property In Wyoming will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

compare and contrast of to build a fire and flight

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on compare and contrast of to build a fire and flight. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality compare and contrast of to build a fire and flight paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in compare and contrast of to build a fire and flight, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your compare and contrast of to build a fire and flight paper at affordable prices! Mans nature is a varied terrain, rife with shortcomings and surprising abilities. The two authors, London and Steinback, make use of this unusual dichotomy to convey their purpose. Mans often-pompous ego hinders his decision-making abilities, but behind this sinful shortcoming lays perseverance, which is astounding at times. Such an example of this could be derived from the two characters of Flight and To Build a Fire. Firstly, the extreme nature of their respective environments is harsh and impersonal, but proved that man can go a very long way to survive despite adverse conditions. As for mans shortcomings, they are both numerous and varied, from Pepes wine induced decision to kill a man for an insult, to the mans decision to go out alone in the freezing temperatures. In the end, everyone has to make a decision, to either humble himself or think rather of dignity. These decisions and actions by man in general, serve to propel the storys development of the characters done only in the way London and Steinback could have.

The environments both characters traverse are easily the most extreme environments in the world. In Flight Pepes injuries, including a piece of stone impaling his hand, the eventual infection and gangrenous effects thereof would really hinder someone trying to escape through a scorching desert. His dogged attempts at escape from the inevitable repercussions of his sins really highlight mans perseverance. In comparison, the man from To Build a Fire poured his whole being into building a fire, yet in the end it was not enough, such is the fate of arrogance. The environments in these situationsing out the besting man, pushing him to the limit.

The sins of the characters portrayed are those, which everyone has dealt with, pride, passion, vanity and the like. The plotlines of both the stories are initiated by the sins of the main characters. Pepes sin of getting drunk, losing his temper, and killing a man are very serious sins, the repercussions of which are felt throughout the rest of the story. Comparably the mans sins are mainly associated with arrogance, in that he believed the old mans advice did not apply to him, that he could handle the arctic winter alone. Not so, even in death he chose to think of dying with dignity rather than making peace with God. The two authors used the contrasting natures of man to depict characters to which anyone could relate.

After all is said and done, there is always one last chance to redeem yourself, that chance came rather expectedly to the man from To Build a Fire, he knew his likely fate half an hour in advance. Yet even after knowing that he will most likely die, he sat there thinking about how they would find him, not about the sins he has committed, or the people he has wronged. On the other hand, Pepe exemplifies true repentance by the simple sign of the cross the moment before he dies. These two decisions made reflect on the characters; for they were no more holy, just more human, for to be human is to err. Cheap writing services for compare and contrast of to build a fire and flight papers One of the characteristics of these stories are there amazing characterization for such a small story. Both heroes made bad decisions, and sometimes made up for them with acts of humility and repentance. Their human perseverance shines through their valiant struggle to stay alive in the most harsh and dangerous of natural environments. Just as everyone has, they made mistakes, sins which led to their imminent demise. In the end everyone makes a decision, either for better or worse, for that is the nature of human frailty. London and Steinback crafted their words well, truly the masters of their domain, even if not of their lives.

Please note that this sample paper on compare and contrast of to build a fire and flight is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on compare and contrast of to build a fire and flight, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on compare and contrast of to build a fire and flight will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Enron

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Enron. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Enron paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Enron, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Enron paper at affordable prices! Ive been investing in the stock market for about five years now, and over the years Ive learned that perception can be misleading. In fact there was a time in my life when what was perceived and what was reality was so drastic that it cost me a large sum of money.

Five years ago I was given a little over $10,000 by my grandfather to do with as I pleased. I decided to invest the money in the stock market since I had a passion with Wall Street. I was a novice investor trading through my Ameri Trade account. Through general articles in the business section of the local paper and magazines articles I had chosen the companies that I would invest in. Most of the companies that I invested in were the larger Fortune 500, like Budweiser and Coca-Cola. To be a good investor I needed to be better diversified. I read about an energy company named Enron, that was taking the corporate world by storm. After reading many articles about this company it was a hard thing to resist. After seeing CEO Jeff Skilling on TV shows like MSNBC Talking about his approach to selling energy was the future way of doing business. After reading how the company was expanding and the financials numbers looked great, I decided to jump aboard. That was the perception.

The reality was it is a company that wanted to expand to fast. As the chart shows below the in order to expand it had to borrow millions of dollars, even Enron had the banks on for the ride (See Table 1).

Table 1

Europes banks turn out to be big Enron creditors

MILLIONS

ROYAL BANK OF SCOTLAND $500itain

INTESA-BCI 00 Italy

CREDIT LYONNAIS 50 France

ABN AMRO 00 Netherlands

SOCIETE GENERALE 167 France

ABBEY NATIONAL 160itain

BARCLAYS 16itain

DEUTSCHE BANK 50 Germany

With all this money being borrowed the company had to show good profits to keep the investors happy. In order to do this many of the top Executives had to exploit the numbers to keep the company to keep up the public perception that the company was turning a profit rather than a loss. In the table below you will see how what was perceived and what was reality (See Table ).

Table

As you can see over the years Enron executives over stated their profits, thus misleading the investors. To do this Enron needed the help of its independent accounting firm to help shore up the numbers that the company was filling. Anderson accounting firm, which was being paid close to a million dollars a week, help Enron inflate the numbers shown above. In the later half of the 000 and early 001 many of ther top executives at Enron started selling off most of their shares. On December 00 with a debt of 1.1 billion of its parent company and 18.1 billion in the affiliates the company filed for bankruptcy (Zellner). The ship came to a screeching halt, 4000 people at Enron lost their jobs along with it their savings (Zellner). Since Enron invested their employees 401k back into company stock they lost their entire retirement portfolio (See Table )

Table

It seems that Enron official not only fooled their employees but the public also(Zellner). This quote by Gary Hamel, Chairman of consultant Stategos (Cited in Business Week 001) shows that even the business world was taken back.

Before

Enron isnt in the business of eking the last penny out of a dying business but of continuously creating radical new business concepts with huge upside.

After

Do I feel like an idiot? No. If I misread the company in some way, I was one of a hell of a lot of people who did that.

I was apart of the millions who lost money through Enron. I was one of the fortunate people who only lost a couple of thousand dollars wrapped up in shares of Enron stock, I managed to sell off the shares as the stock plummeted and loose about $800. Some people were not so lucky, as stated above many investors and employees of Enron lost their entire portfolio. Perception is very deceiving when it comes to company stocks I.E. Tyco, Martha Stewart and Inclone, only with research will reality confirm what is perception.

References

Zellner, Wendy. Forrest, Stephanie. Thorton, Emily. Coy, Peter. Timmons, Heather. Lavelle,Louis. Henry, David Business Weekly. 10 Aug. 004

http//www.businessweek.com/magazine/toc/01_51/B76magazine.htm

Please note that this sample paper on Enron is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Enron, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Enron will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Cold War: Truman and Containment

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Cold War: Truman and Containment. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Cold War: Truman and Containment paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Cold War: Truman and Containment, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Cold War: Truman and Containment paper at affordable prices! As an analyst for the R.A.N.D. Corporation, I have been asked to make an assessment of

which policy, the Truman Doctrine, the formation of NATO or the Marshall Plan, was

more effective in containing Communism. As I began to decide which policy was most

successful, I had to first look at the purpose of all three postwar plans, and determine Cheap essay writing services offer help on Cold War: Truman and Containment which one fulfilled their goals. After reviewing the policies, it was determined that the

Marshall Plan was most successful in containing Communism.

Now, the purpose of the Truman Doctrine was to contain Soviet influence in all

non-communist countries resisting takeover. Although Congress agreed to this doctrine,

many opponents objected to interfereing with the affairs of other nations, while others

argued that U.S. power would be too spread out if they helped every country with this

problem. Therefore, between the years of 147 and 150, the United States only sent over

four-hundred million dollars in aid to Turkey and Greece, two countries of whom Great

itain was supporting to prevent communism, before their economy could no longer

afford it, asking the U.S. to takeover the aid. The United States aid to Turkey and Greece

under the Truman Doctrine greatly reduced the risk of Communists takeovers in those

countries. However, it had no affect on the rest of the countries fighting communist

takeovers, falling short of its goal.

After the Soviet Unions blockade of Berlin, many nations of Western Europe

began to fear the communist nation. So in response to this, ten Western European nations

along with the U.S. and Canada, formed a defensive military alliance called the North

Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). All these nations agreed that if either one were

attacked, it would be regarded as an attack on all of the nations, which they would resist

with armed forces if needed. This alliance, pretty much caused the Soviet Union to cease

any type communist aggression in all Western Europe countries. However, although

NATO did help contain communism in those countries that joined, it failed to help any

non-communist country in Eastern Europe.

Please note that this sample paper on Cold War: Truman and Containment is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Cold War: Truman and Containment, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Cold War: Truman and Containment will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

An analysis of how a seemingly simple public service advertising campaign goes about persuading the viewer through subliminal messages and a discussion regarding some of the ideologies behind advertising.

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on An analysis of how a seemingly simple public service advertising campaign goes about persuading the viewer through subliminal messages and a discussion regarding some of the ideologies behind advertising.. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality An analysis of how a seemingly simple public service advertising campaign goes about persuading the viewer through subliminal messages and a discussion regarding some of the ideologies behind advertising. paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in An analysis of how a seemingly simple public service advertising campaign goes about persuading the viewer through subliminal messages and a discussion regarding some of the ideologies behind advertising., therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your An analysis of how a seemingly simple public service advertising campaign goes about persuading the viewer through subliminal messages and a discussion regarding some of the ideologies behind advertising. paper at affordable prices! An analysis of how a seemingly simple public service advertising campaign goes about persuading the viewer through subliminal messages and a discussion regarding some of the ideologies behind advertising.

Through using an advert issued by the Department of Health and Social Security regarding drug abuse (see appendix 1) this essay aims to examine how the intending meaning is portrayed through semiotics. Through the work of theorists such as Roland Barthes one can apply a certain amount of theory to the speculative perception of the advert in hand, after all seeing is believing but a framework of analysis allows for a more informed opinion. The messages omitted by advertising campaigns are not always as blatant as one may first suppose, The many individual signs within a text build to produce an overall message, which often occurs subconsciously. A discussion will follow regarding the ideologies behind advertising in general, and how this is evident within this particular text, discussing the ideas of theorist John Berger.

To propose a meaningful commentary on the way in which this advert is deliberately formulated semiotics will be considered. Semiotics is the study of how texts communicate what they mean; it is the science of signs. A sign is simply a thing object, word or picture. It will have a particular meaning to a person or group of people. A sign is made up of two parts a signifier, the actual material object and the signified, which is its meaning. An advert needs more than one sign to convey an entire meaning; Roland Barthes called this the "myth" the build up of signs to convey the whole meaning, or layers of signification. Barthes would look at the advert and see the intended meanings and implications of seemingly unimportant commodities which work together to produce the overall message. For example Barthes may ask, "what does the text say about the product (or in this case the subject matter)?" The text states clearly that the subject matter is heroin. It gives information of the side effects, such as feeling ill and losing weight, and states that it is an addictive drug. The image provides a clear representation of a heroin addict and explains that it is controlling. The next question Barthes would ask is "how is the dream, lifestyle or experience sold?" The image of the girl is very undesirable. She looks sad and out of control, helpless and tragic. This choice of lifestyle is certainly not aspiring for anybody. This is intended to turn the viewer off from choosing heroin. The third and final question Barthes may ask is "What goes without saying?" or "What are the false assumptions made resulting in a kind of ideological abuse?" "I resented seeing Nature and History confused at every turn, and I wanted to track down, in the decorative display of what-goes-without-saying, the ideological abuse which, in my view, is hidden there." Culture has a way of shaping the publics ideologies allowing the media or art to represent things as though it is natural as opposed to being due to social or historical reasons. For example a scientist is portrayed in modern culture as a male because it goes without saying that naturally more males are interested in science. It is not strictly true however as it maybe to do with social reasons and the historic role of women as to why fewer females have the opportunity to enjoy and learn science. With regards to the advert in question it is assumed that young girls/women between the ages of 15 and (the intended audience, as per the agency Yellowhammer who created the campaign ) aspire to be glamorous. The tagline is "Skin care by heroin" which is a direct imitation of a cosmetic advert presuming this irony will be enough to put all young women off the drug as it is natural that all women wish to be beautiful. It also "goes-without-saying" that no one would ever wish to become dependent on such an apparently uplifting chemical, it is natural that no one should desire any drug other than alcohol or nicotine, or is it because culture tells it that way? At one time in history it was considered social to take opium, extracted from poppy seeds, now it is a terrible crime to desire a drug processed from morphine, a naturally occurring substance extracted from the Asian poppy plant.

With those three questions the intended meaning of the text begins to become clear. However to arrive at the conclusion of "taking heroin is bad" subconscious messages have been processed by the readersain without them realising. The text is full of signifiers resulting in the signified that creates the overall message. For example take the facial expression of the girl. The overall expression is glazed, she appears to be unaware of anything. The absent looking eyes are a sign of emptiness and a loss of control. They look wide which implies vulnerability; she represents the hunted as opposed to the hunter, which is a metaphor for the drug itself. The head is slightly tilted expressing she is absent-minded. The skin has been paid particular attention to as it is in direct relation to the tagline. She has white skin and her eyes have dark circles around them, her lips are slightly parted all connoting death and a skull like appearance. She represents someone dying from a heroin addiction. There is a clearly visible blemish on her cheek, it is obviously assumed that girls at this age fear blemishes. Her hair and eyeows are untamed implying the girl has no interest in taking care of herself or she is incapable of doing so as the drug has control of her. Another sign is the use of colour. The background of the image is striking as it is nothing but grey. Grey connotes misery, it has a definite sense of unhappiness, for instance "grey days" or "feeling grey" or "grey moods". The background matches the mood of the subject. The subjects T-shirt is also grey, very nearly identical to that of the background, this links the background with herself suggesting the misery is upon her. The T-shirt is on her, clinging to her like the unhappiness, and it is the heroin causing this misery therefore implying the heroin is inside her. She is a part of the grey background. There is nothing except a mass of dull colour, which implies there is little else in the addicts life besides a consuming amount of misery and a massive amount of isolation. There is nothing for the reader to associate her with or to put her in to any sort of context, this resembles the vacuity of her lifestyle, the blankness of it. Judith Williamson writes of how colour is used in advertising to connect "the object and a person…The womans skin is precisely the same colour as the eggs. Her hair matches the cupboards. Again, we see while the kitchen is meant to reflect her, she is in fact merely an object in the kitchen…". This quote is in reference to a kitchen advert describing the link between the subject and the background (which so happens to be the product, is what this advert is dealing with too as it is the empty lifestyle that is being sold.)

The theorist Roger Fry analysed paintings using formalism. Fry maintained that subject matter was merely there to wrap form around. His ideas can be used to a certain extent with regards to advertising and photography. He had five emotional elements, which he believed were the only important aspects needed to decode artwork. One of those was colour. He said, " That this [colour] has a direct emotional effect is evident from words such as gay, dull and melancholy, in relation to colour." It is fair to say that Fry probably would have agreed with the drawn conclusions concerning colour and the advert in hand. He would have said the girl herself was irrelevant it was the way in which she was expressed that told the true meaning. For instance, another of his elements was light and shade. He said "Our feelings towards the same object become totally different according as we see it strongly illuminated against a black background or dark against light." The light in the photograph has been deliberately engineered. The girl has been lit from above to cast shadows over her eyes and exaggerate the cheekbones giving a skull like appearance, which carries implications of death. However this top-lit glow offers a ray of hope to the viewer. A subtle way of saying, "there is help available."

Through this analysis and dissection of the text the way in which the overall intended message is displayed becomes apparent. Through signs of wide eyes, grey colours, pale skin and an ironic tagline subconscious thoughts are processed by the viewer who composes an impression within seconds of looking at the advert. However, the impact of the piece is down to something other than the semiotics. There is an ideology behind advertising as a whole that encourages this text to be successful in persuading the target audience against using heroin. Theorist John Berger writes extensively on the theory behind publicity, which helps to address the second aspect of this discussion in relation to the effect that the message has on the viewer. At this point of analysis the intended message has been established by the reader, "to use heroin is bad, say no." This has been concluded through a series of fast processed thoughts stimulated by the signs existing in the piece. But what about this conclusion encourages the viewer to be persuaded? It has already been established through Barthes theory that "it-goes-without-saying" that the target audience are turned off from the image as it is not aspiring, but why?

Berger writes on the theory that the notion of glamour keeps the wheel of capitalism turning, without glamour there would be no envy and without envy people would not be concerned with buying products which would make them better people or have richer more fulfilling lives. Advertising persuades of a transformation by showing already transformed people, and as a result are now enviable. To be envied is to be glamorous in some form, and so publicity manufactures glamour. "The purpose of publicity is to make the spectator marginally dissatisfied with his present way of life…It suggests that if he buys what it is offering, his life will become better." This quote is helpful in describing the ideology behind advertising. The idea of wanting to better oneself is exploited by making the spectator desire to be like the person in the advert. "Glamour can not exist without personal and social envy…Publicity does not manufacture the dream. All that it does is to propose to each one of us that we are not enviable yet could be." So how does the notion of glamour fit in to this advert distributed by the Department of Health and Social Security? Bergers theory of using envy as a tool to sell products really works with this advert, however it needs switching round. Envy and glamour have been used but to have the opposite effect. In Barthes words "it-goes-without-saying" that girls between the ages of 15 and wish to be glamorous so the subject is made as unappealing as possible to dissuade the spectator from taking heroin. The fact that the format of the text has been made to resemble a cosmetic advert shows this. The image works in showing the end result of a heroin addict, essentially saying, "if you use heroin, you too could look like this". A usual cosmetic advert follows the same structure but shows a radiant, beautiful woman essentially saying the same, "if you use this product, you too could look like this." (See appendix ). The end result is the key, advertising works on the basis of saying this is what one could look like in the future, it speaks of the future offering a different, better lifestyle to the one the viewer has. The advert in question displays the lifestyle of a heroin addict and makes it unenviable, prompting the spectator to feel their own life is better than the one presented to them, the subject is the opposite to everything one aspires too. Berger believes, "Publicity begins by working on a natural appetite for pleasure" and pleasure is exactly what this image does not connote.

Through establishing the finer points of the advert and discovering how the message is omitted it has help to understand how an advertising campaign such as this one has a profound effect on its target audience. Analysing the semiotics of the text has shown how it is successful in dissuading young people from taking the drug, and it has shown how what seem like meaningless and sometimes unnoticeable commodities make up a powerful statement. It is evident that the smallest signs can have meanings which are taken for granted, which is how the whole text works together to present a lifestyle or experience. This advert is successful in portraying a tragic and unappealing experience through semiotics, but also through the ideology of glamour and aspiration. This text has been a fine example for John Bergers theory and it is evidence enough to prove it successful. It seems the publics aspiration to be glamorous and beautiful is enough to build a campaign around putting people off a drug, which probably more importantly renders the addict economically and mentally unstable.

Books

Barthes, Roland, Mythologies, (New York The Noonday Press, 1)

Berger, John, Ways of Seeing (Londonitishoadcasting Corporation and Penguin Group Ltd, )

Fry, Roger, "An Essay in Aesthetics" in Art in Theory, edited by Charles Harrison edited by Charles Harrison and Paul Wood (Oxford Blackwell, 1),

Saunders, Dave, 0th Century Advertising (London Carlton Books Limited, 1)

Williamson, Judith, Decoding Advertisements Ideology and Meaning in Advertising (London Marion Boyars Publishers Ltd, 178)

Websites

http//www.nida.nih.gov/Infofax/heroin.html accessed 06 January 00

Magazines

Oil of Olay Advert in Glamour, June 00, p.

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