Sally Morgan

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The short passage used from the story "My Place" is written by Sally Morgan. Sally uses different conventions in the passage to position the reader to respond to her story. The conventions used are conflict, point of view and plot.

The conflict of self vs. self and self vs. others is used to position the reader into responding to the passage. The conflict of deciding to stay or leave the car, self vs. self, gets the reader to understand how doing so could lead to some dangers and that that character is accepting to face it. If they kids in the story leave the car they face the danger of boredom and dehydration, while leaving the car they face the danger of being kidnapped. At the end of the passage it shows how one of the sons talks back to his father, self vs. others. This creates the feal for the character and gets the reader to respond by the conflict of father and son. Conflict is used, in this passage, to get readers to respond to the way the characters interact with each other.

The point of view of this story is written in first person, which tells the passage as one of the children. This tells the reader how one person sees whats happening. Point of view positions the reader to accept the values and attitudes and also lets the reader experience what the narrator is sparing, in this case, life as a kid.Tone is used to indicate the writers attitude to something. In this passage the tone is disappointment in the father and from children. The disappointment is the decision from the father and from the children. The kids where told to stay in the car but disobeyed and where at the beach instead. The disappointment from the kids where that their father was meant to be gone for a few minutes but was gone for ages. The tone shows anger and frustration, which get the reader to understand how the kids and the father feel at the same time.

Sally Morgan uses the techniques of conflict, point of view and tone to get the reader to respond to her story well. The use of the techniques also positions the reader to understand Morgans values and attitudes in the story and was a great way to get the reader to respond to her passage.

Please note that this sample paper on Sally Morgan is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Sally Morgan, we are here to assist you. Your cheap college papers on Sally Morgan will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Magic Realism in Eva Luna

If you order your cheap custom paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Magic Realism in Eva Luna. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Magic Realism in Eva Luna paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Magic Realism in Eva Luna, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Magic Realism in Eva Luna paper at affordable prices! Magic realism is a description of a certain sub genre that combines realism with fantastic and dreamlike elements. This term may be thought as a paradox- magic is not real- but such novels do not create a new world such as fantasy novels do, but suggest that the world is filled with secrets. These magical elements are not questioned and are simply apart of that reality. The mysterious, the beautiful and the amazing are expressed as magical, and perhaps are magical to the human perception of the world. Magic realism and its associated elements and techniques are displayed in Isabel Allendes novel Eva Luna. This novel displays realism alongside magical components that are seen as normal to the characters. It experiments with plot and style, and blurs traditional reactions to subjects. Materials from fairytale-like stories are used, political/social subjects are explored, time is represented as circular, and the paradox of the union of opposites is explored. All these characteristics of magic realism prove Eva Luna to be magic realist literature.

Magic realism uses sharply etched realism in representing ordinary events and descriptive details, according to Aams Glossary of Literary Terms, and such a feature is displayed in this novel. Realism is where things are portrayed as they actually are, without idealisation, and this can blur the lines between good and bad. They paid little attention to Consuelo, who was growing up scorched by the sun, poorly nourished on yucca and fish, infested with parasites, bitten by mosquitoes, free as a bird. In an ideal world, she would have been clean and healthy, but is portrayed more realistically as dirty and unhealthy, yet still happy and free. A more powerful example of realism in the text is where the new, seemingly true love between Eva and Rolf doesnt last. …we loved each other more modestly until that love wore thin and nothing was left but shreds. It shows a painfully more real ending that most relationships dont last. This feature is expressed throughout the novel, proving the realism part of magic realism.

Magic realism involves the inclusion of fantastic and dreamlike elements in an otherwise realistic plot and setting, and this is found in Eva Luna. It clings to reality, but express the magic in that reality.

When she talked about the past, or told her stories, the room filled with light; the walls dissolved to reveal incredible landscapes, palaces crowded with unimaginable objects, faraway countries… She reduced me [Eva] to the size of an ant so I could experience the universe form that smallness; she gave me wings to see it from the heavens.The fantastic elements have an escapism effect, where you are taken to a new world with new rules and amazing features, but these elements stay close to reality. Consuelo simply tells stories that are transformed intoeathtaking adventures through the imagination, but interpreting it on such a level is not necessary- we feel like Eva actually does travel across landscapes and is transformed into animals. This is perhaps the most obvious clue that this novel is magic realism.

The magic is part of the atmosphere of the setting in magic realist novels, and is an important aspect of it. The setting for the beginning of Eva Luna is a missionary surrounded by tropical jungle. It is a real setting, but a magical dimension is added to it. …on piles driven into the mud of a river of opalescent waters whose banks evaporated in the reverberating light. The dwellings seemed to drift amid silent canoes, garbage, carcasses of dogs and rats, and inexplicable white blossoms. Evocative words like opalescent and reverberating light create the image of sunlight sparkling on top of clear water, reflecting everywhere. It is a fantastic and amazing scene that could be described as magical. The second sentence adds a different atmosphere, describing garbage and carcasses, but strangely there are beautiful flowers growing amidst this. Beautiful life is able to prosper in filth, expressing the magic in reality. The use of setting in this novel portrays it as magic realism.

The magical elements in magic realist novels are never found to be strange by the characters, they are simply apart of the world, and this is true for Eva Luna. Magic realism aims to show something common or daily in something unreal or strange.

…and the Palace of the Poor, which for thirty seconds materialised like a hallucination at one side of the road…; Someone [had] ordered the guardia to remove the interlopers, with firearms if necessary, but the officials became lost along the way. They could not evict the occupants because the palace and everything inside had become invisible to the human eye; it had entered another dimension where life continued without aggravation.

The Palace of the Poor is casually described as a building that appears and disappears, that it becomes invisible and enters another dimension. These strange, magical elements do not surprise the inhabitants of this world, they are simply there. This proves that this novel can be described as magic realism.

Magic realist novels violate, in various ways, standard novelistic expectations by experimenting with narrative elements and styles of writing, as is done in Eva Luna. The novels plot wonders, going everywhere without a set central conflict and meaning like most novels. There is no main problem, but many that are resolved one after the other. It is more like a journey, containing many highlights and lessons, closer to a fictionalised autobiography than a novel. This experimentation with style and plot is typical of magic realist literature, demonstrating that Eva Luna can be classified under this sub genre.

Magic realist literature can blur traditional distinctions between what is serious or trivial, horrible or ludicrous, tragic or comic, and Allende does this in Eva Luna. One such example is Elviras coffin. She feared a paupers death, that her bones would be tossed into a common grave, and to avoid posthumous humiliation she had bought a coffin on credit, which she kept in her room. Allende uses assonance, describing posthumous humiliation to add humour into a usually serious topic. The idea of keeping ones coffin in the bedroom is very eccentric, blurring the distinction between the serious and humorous. Displaying this feature proves Eva Luna as magic realism.

Texts with magic realism also contain materials derived from myth and fairy tales, and such material is shown in Eva Luna. At the beginning of the novel a quotation from A Thousand and One Tales of the Arabian Nights is cited Then he said to Scheherazade Sister, for the sake of Allah, tell us a story that will help pass the night…. Scheherazade tells a cruel king stories to entertain and distract him from killing in vengeance of his wifes adultery, and succeeds in doing so for a thousand and one nights. This relates to Eva Lunas ability to tell stories. She tells Rolf a story of his past, where all his pains were changed into happiness. By giving Rolf a new life, reshaped to remove his terrible childhood, he is transformed much like the king in A Thousand and One Tales. By containing material from a tale, Eva Luna is further established to be magic realism.

Politics, revolution and social changes are often explored in these novels, and are sometimes used to make political statements. The many descriptions of the political turmoil in Chile are obvious examples of this. The tribal chieftain - motivated to cooperate after the Army had swept through her village leaving a swath of burning huts, gutted animals, and raped girls - had agreed to take the men [guerillas] across the river and lead them through the jungle. Allende describes the cruel and evil actions of the army, positioning the reader to feel anger against the government and righteousness in the guerilla movement. By exploring politics and revolution, her novel fulfils a trend of magic realist literature.

Time is a common subject, which is frequently displayed as cyclical instead of linear, in magic realist novels such as Eva Luna. Characters that Eva meet earlier on in the novel return again near the end. Elvira, Huberto and Melesio/Mimi reappear in such a manner, suggesting the circular, repetitive nature of time. She revisits Riad Halabi after many years of leaving her father figure/lover. He was exactly as I remembered him, not a minute older… I saw a girl [his wife] who was probably no more than fourteen… this man had rejected me because I was too young. Even events for Riad have been re-occurring, now with another young lover. Eva Luna can be defined as magic realism because of this display of circular time.

Magic realism also concentrates on the paradox of the union of opposites, and in Eva Luna the opposites mainly referred to are life and death. This also relates to time travelling in circles, life and death being a continuous cycle. Once such example is when Eva is conceived when her father was about to die. …soon he tumbled her over and emaced her with the urgency dictated by the proximity of death… And that is how I was conceived, on my fathers deathbed. The close relationship between life and death is examined, as when death comes, it is necessary for us to reproduce and achieve a form of immortality. Another union of these two opposites is when Elvira is saved by her coffin, using it as a raft during a flood. Imagine…all that sleeping in the box so that when death came for me, Id be ready, and then what came for me was life.… The coffin had saved her life. The paradox of being saved by an object that signifies death is obvious. By displaying this feature of magic realism, Eva Luna is proved to be described as such.

Eva Luna displays all the basic elements and trends of magical realism. Sharp realism is shown, portraying things, such as relationships, as they actually are without idealisation. Fantastic and dreamlike elements, entwined with a real setting, are seen as normal to the characters. The novel violates standard novelistic expectations with its wondering plot and autobiographical format. Allende blurs traditional distinctions of what is serious or humorous with Elviras eccentricities. Materials from tales are used and related to, politics, revolutions and social changes are explored, and time is shown as circular. Finally Allende concentrates on the paradox of the union of death and life, binary opposites, fulfilling all magic realist novel expectations and proving that Eva Luna can indeed be described as magic realism.

Please note that this sample paper on Magic Realism in Eva Luna is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Magic Realism in Eva Luna, we are here to assist you. Your cheap college papers on Magic Realism in Eva Luna will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Deceptive Women

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Women have a very cunning way to manipulate men. Sometimes they do so without even knowing it. In oneparticular short story, "The Judges Wife" by Isabel Allende women unconsciously alter the men around them. Nicholas Vidal and Jack Potter are among the men who undergo a significant change from the womens influence.

In "The Judges Wife," Nicholas Vidal is a bandit with a hardened heart that is destined to "lose his head over a woman." He restricts himself from emotional encounters with women and hasief encounters with them instead. Preferring "dark-haired andazen women" Nicholas does not hesitate to look at Dona Casilda on her wedding day, because she is pale and her eyes are "filled with wonder and her fingers are obviously unskilled in the art of rousing a man to pleasure." Everyone in town, including Nicholas, does not think Casilda will live long due to the harsh climate of heat and dust.

Judge Hidalgo, "feared throughout the province" and known for his "severity and stubbornness," is not exactly husband material for anyone but especially for Casilda. Perhaps because Casilda is so "soft-spoken" Judge Hidalgo makes a complete transformation. Even though he still dresses the same, his judgments in court have "altered dramatically." There are rumors in town that Judge Hidalgo "rollicks with his children" and "chuckles with Casilda on his lap." Casilda gets the credit for his newfound kindness. After seeing firsthand Casildas impinge on Judge Hidalgo, it is not a surprise that Casilda softens Nicholass soul of hardened iron. When Nicholas encounters Casilda, he is intrigued that for the "first time in his life another person was facing him without fear." At first the only reason Casilda emaces him is to "win time for her children." However, at one point, she gives herself to him completely in gratitude. When she hears the soldiers coming, she tells him to go. He stays with her, though, fulfilling the prophecy that was made when he was born.

Nicholas Vidal has always avoided emotional encounters with women. Casilda is the first woman he ever becomes involved with even though it is not for a long time. He has the choice to either flee from the soldiers and leave Casilda or stay with Casilda and face death. Ultimately he decides to stay with Casilda, emacing her.

Everyone in town thinks Casilda will not survive the harsh conditions of the climate and of Judge Hidalgo. It is ironic that she outlives both Nicholas Vidal, the towns bandit, and the stubborn Judge Hidalgo. In fact, it is even more humorous that she transforms these two men who are the most harsh and powerful in the town.

Please note that this sample paper on Deceptive Women is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Deceptive Women, we are here to assist you. Your cheap college papers on Deceptive Women will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Defining Atheism & The Impossibility of God's Existance

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OUR ARGUMENTS

Lets define Atheism (a=lack of, theism=belief of a god). . Therefor, someone who has lack of belief in a god, would be an Atheist. Like it or not, EVERYONE is an atheist one way or the other. Stephen Roberts once said, I contend we are both Atheists. I just believe in one fewer God than you do. When you understand why you dismiss all other possible Gods, you will understand why i dismiss yours. By definition, if you say you do not believe in Yahweh, Allah, Judah, or Zeus, or whomever, you are an atheist..

"Lack of a belief in a god" is "not believing in any god". Which is different to only believing in one God.The opposite of atheism according to this definition would be someone who believes in a god. Therefore, as someone with belief in a god, I am not an atheist. How can I be an atheist, and the opposite of an atheist, at the same time? It is not possible! Atheism, a dictionary definition, is belief that there is no God.

But that is not of real importance. What is important, is the ability to be able to distinguish reality from primitive supernatural fantasy. There are two kinds of Atheists (strong and weak). There is also what is called an Agnostic. A weak atheist would say, There is no evidence of God, so i do not believe in him. Thus they do not believe, because they have not seen, much like a unicorn, or dragon for example. A strong atheist would say, There is no God, period. Strong atheists do not disbelieve, but rather flat out deny the existance of God. An agnostic would say, I do not know if god exists or not. Agnosticism (a=lack of, nosis=knowledge). Agnostics feel that you cannot deny, nor confirm the existance of God and that it cannot be proven, which makes them similar to weak atheists.

What a person believes does not change God. For example because Agnostics dont believe God exists it does not prevent Gods existence. If you have not made a choice about Gods existence he will treat you as though you dont believe in Him. Which means you must face the full judgement of God.

Here is Gods opinion of Agnostics I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot. I wish you were either one or the other! So, because you are lukewarm neither hot nor cold I am about to spit you out of my mouth. (Revelations 15,16) Dont think that God is going to let you off just because you are a fence-sitter.

Now Thomas, one of the Twelve, was not with the disciples when Jesus came. So the other disciples told him, We have seen the Lord, but he said to them, Unless I see the nail marks in his hands and put my finger where the nails were, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe it. A week later his disciples were in the house again, and Thomas was with them. Though the doors were locked, Jesus came and stood among them and said, Peace be with you! Then he said to Thomas, put your finger here; see my hands. Reach out your hand and put it into my side. Stop doubting and believe. Thomas said to him, My Lord and my God! Then Jesus told him, Because you have seen me, you have believed; Blessed are those who have not seen and yet have believed. (John 04 �). AS people who are living 000 years after Jesus death and resurection, we do not get to witness this event with our own eyes. We are forced to rely upon the reports of others who were there. In the same way, we rely upon the reports of others to prove the existence of histoircal figures, such as Napolean. Thre is much more reliable evidenc eabout the death and resurrection of Jesus than the evidence that Napolean ever existed! (www.christiananswers.net) I challenge you to disprove the resurrection, because I have faith in the evidence! . Now faith is being sure of what we hope for, and certain of what we do not see (Heews 111).

Most atheists are weak atheists. So what do i consider myself? I lean towards being a strong atheist being that I deny any existance of God based on universal facts and evidence. What is my evidence? Reality mostly. Lets take the christian (and Jewish) God of Yahweh for example. He is supposed to be the perfect god. The definition of perfect is, complete, having no defect or fault, imperfect, flawless. If something is perfect, it is complete and needs nothing else. So how then did this perfect god create such imperfect humans? If something is perfect, nothing imperfect can come from it. Therefor, a perfect God who creates imperfect humans, is not possible. Humans were supposed to have been Gods crown of his creation, created in his image. However, these humans spoiled the original perfection by choosing to disobey god. The only imperfection, is the God who created them. The chrisitans objection to this arguement is Freewill. That humans chose evil, and God had no control over this decision. This arguement is weak, considering that God is omnipotent, so the assumption that freewill is necessary for happiness is not true. Why would God create beings capable of ruining their own happiness? Not possible. Why didnt God create humans who did not have the ability to choose from evil, but maybe several good options?

God did create perfect people (Genesis 11). As said, perfect can also mean complete, referring to our complete and perfect relationship with God, not tainted by sin. Imperfection occurred when Adam and Eve ate from the tree of good and evil (Genesis -7). Verse 4 and 5 says, You will not surely die, the serpent said to the woman. For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil. God is perfect, not naive. He knows good and evil, and he chooses good God is light. In Him there is no darkness at all. (1 John 15). We gained the knowledge of good and evil after we were created, but we choose evil. God knew that we would choose evil if we gained this knowledge, and therefore die. (see Genesis 1 16,17) He did give us several good options an entire garden full of them with one tree leading to knowledge, which we chose to use for evil. If the tree of good and evil had not been placed in the garden, then we would be a slave to God; we would have no choice to either obey or disobey him. God is omnipotent. He is all knowing. He knew even before He created us that we would rebel against him. So why did he bother to create us at all, if he would be so grieved by us? (Genesis 66) The answer to that is Gods love. We were not created because God needed us for anything, because He is perfect. We were created because Gods love is so good that he wanted to share it with us. Even after we ate from the tree, God still provided for us by giving us clothes to wear (Genesis 1). So God knew that we would be disobediant, but he planned for us to be reconciled to Him so we could share in this love, even before creation (John 11-4). God made us perfect. He knew that we would become imperfect, so He gave us Jesus so we could be perfect again.

God is supposed to be all knowing, be able to see the future. Why didnt he see his own imperfection? You would think he would have known that it would have been better if humans werent born (The bible even says that in Genesis 66). If god is a compassionate being, then why did he create humans which he knows are doomed to suffer? See above… Why make the imperfect humans he created suffer in hell forever for sins that occur in such a short lifetime? That is unjust. Christians believe that people that do not believe in and accept the gospel of Jesus, will perish in eternal fire. It seems that this person has the hollywood idea of Hell, of fire and a guy dressed in a red suit with horns, hooves and a big fork. Hell is actually separation from God, where sinners will be punished with everlasting destruction and shut out from the presence of the Lord and from the majesty of His power. ( Thessalonians 1) This is not an Adam Sandler movie, this is reality! What about those people around the world who never heard the Gospel of Jesus? Or those who were raised in different cultures and different religions? No just God would ever judge a man by his beliefs, rather than his actions. How, then, can they call on the one they have not believed in? And how can they believe in the one of whom they had not heard? (Romans 1014). God acknowledges that people who have not heard the gospel can not be expected to believe it. It is not clear in the Bible how God will judge these people, however God is just and loving and merciful. According to the bible, god experiences emotions (anger, sadness, happiness, ect.). A god who knows everything and knows the future cannot have emotions. We humans experience emotions from the element of surprise and new knowledge. For instance, a man who has a wife who is cheating on him will experience anger and sadness only after he has found out. Since god is omniscient and ignorant of nothing, there is no surprise, or new knowledge gained to which he would react emotionally. Humans show anger when something is wrong and cannot be fixed. God is perfect, can fix anything, therefor would have no anger. It is not possible for God to have emotion. When an event does not surprise you, it does not mean that it does not result in an emotional reaction. I know that you are going to die one day. It wont surprise me when it happens, especially if you die of an illness which, say, gives you two weeks to live. When you do die, I will be upset. I will have an emotional reaction, even though I am not surprised. In terms of anger have you ever gotten angry even though you can fix something? Sometimes the fact that it requires fixing is what can make us angry. God can fix stuff, but that doesnt mean that hes happy that itsoken.

One important key evidence is the dinosaurs. The bible states that the Earth was created around 6000BC and Adam was created roughly 4000BC. These theists are among the most amusing to debate with as they totally ignore any scientific evidence. Some christians believe dinosaurs never existed. Most believe that Carbon Dating on fossils is not accurate. Here is my arguement to that. Christians that believe dinosaurs never existed obviously have never been to a museum, do not believe the documentaries on TV, and are ignorant. Carbon Dating (c-14) has gotten more accurate over the years, and is more accurate than you think. It doesnt date millions of years, like many people believe, but it has successfully dated fossils to around 50,000 years old. Other testing (like Radio-metric) has confirmed rocks on earth to be millions of years old, so the idea that the earth is 6000 years old is discredited. So scientist esitmate millions of years from the rocks the fossils were found in. Scientists believe that the Earth is approximatly 4.6 BILLION years old, and even if they are off a little bit, its no where close to 6000 years. According to the bible, man and light were created on the 4th day. There was now night and day. So some christians argue that the previous three days were probably not a standard 4 hour day since God has eternal time. Even if this is true and those previous days were perhaps 6 billion years, didnt the dinosaurs need light to survive? There cannot be plantlife without light, so what about the veggie eating dinosaurs? The only explanation is that God created the Earth equipped with dinosaur fossils. Pretty amusing. Where is this from? It is not from the Bible, dont generalise it to all Christians. The word of God is what counts, not the theories of those who study it. These figures are probably reached by someone counting the genealogies found in the Old Testament. However, these do not count every generation. For instance, in Matthew, there is a record of the genealogy of Jesus Christ the son of David, the son of Aaham. (Matthew 11) David wasnt Jesus dad, and Aaham wasnt Davids dad. They skipped a few generations, and not accidentally. It is not possible to determine how often this has occurred in the Old Testament. So counting the age of the earth this way is obviously very flawed. I believe dinosaurs existed they are mentioned in the bible! See Job 4015-1, Job 41, Psalm 104. Major flaws still exist in carbon dating even though it is much more accurate than it used to be, but dont get caught up in thinking that either evolution or the bible must be true. The bible does not disprove evolution, nor does evolution disprove the bible.

. Why doesnt the bible mention anything about the rest of the universe? Many theists believe that life on Earth is the only life in the universe. Well here is a quick astronomy lesson. There are billions of stars in a Galaxy, and there are billions of Galaxies in the Universe. There are more stars (which have the potential of planets and other life) in the universe than there are grains of sand on Earth. Anyone who thinks that all that is a waste of space and there is no other life out there is just plain out ignorant. As soon as we put the bible into the trash can, maybe we can move on and advance humankind to answer these questions. Many theists believe that life on Earth is the only life in the universe? Thankyou for lumping me in with a bunch of people I have never met and not explaining the reasoning behind their conclusions! Once again, this is not from the Bible. The Scriptures do not directly address the question of alien beings. The Bible does not explicitly confirm or deny the existence of intelligent life from other planets. Although the subject is not addressed explicitly, the Bible teaches implicitly that the only things He created with intelligence are the angels, man, and the animals. It is important to maintain a focus on the central purpose of the Bible, which is not to prove or disprove the presence of extraterrestrial life, but the death and resurrection of Jesus to save us from our sins.

Bible Contradictions

Ah, the bible. The highest selling book in the world. Also, the most confusing and contradictory book. In the bible, God assures his people that sons shall not be punished for the sins of their fathers. The same God who afflicted thousands of his innocent people with plague and death to punish their evil King David for taking a census??? ( Samuel 415). The same God who killed Davids newborn son because of his own sins? ( Samuel 115,18). What about (1 Kings 1) Ahabs son? The same God who allowed humans to slaughter his son (Jesus) because the perfect God botched his own creation? What the hell is that? Death is inevitable. Why does thousands of people dying simultaneously because of a plague or a war give us an excuse to label God as less loving than when they die individually over several years? God does not rejoice in death. Read the first story and see the references to His grief. It is interesting to note that the reference is not given for the authors initial statement. Where is it from? In the second story, David himself states that he should have received four times the punishment. (see Samuel 1 1-18) For the third story, Ahabs son was just as evil as his father. As such, he was punished for his own sins. God simply knew this would be (see 1 Kings 51-5). Make sure you read the whole story! If you consider God allowing Jesus to be slaughtered due to imperfection in the world to be a vile and reprehensible act, perhaps you should treat what He did with more respect and stop denying that it even occurred. It was either a terrible thing (although with a purpose) that happened, or it didnt happen and as such you cannot judge Gods character based upon it.

There are hundreds of contradictions in the bible, including matters of history. Too many too list. Theists will argue that bible contradictions are simply out of context. Wether they are or not discredits the word of God. What goes for one chapter, should go for another. And those of you theists who believe this, listen to your preacher next time at church as everything he says is out of context. Everything he says is out of context? I highly doubt that. Not to mention that each and every Christian leader that I listen to encourages me to open my bible and read along with them, to get context! They encourage me to go home and read the passages provided in more depth and think about what they have said. If they were relying onainwashing and me blindly accepting what they said out of context, would they do this? Has anything you have ever said been taken out of context? Did that change the intentions you had when you said it? When I told someone drugs were good because they had a cold, and that became generalised to all drugs, did context become important? Was it important to know that I hate illegal drugs, that I have known people who have died of a drug overdose, that I was referring to cold & flu tablets? Of course! You cannot say that because the bible requires context to be understood properly that makes it less Godly. Everything requires context to be understood to its fullest.

Almost all religions claim that they have only one God, but the bible contradicts itself MANY times saying otherwise. Click Here Well, I clicked. The references are mainly to other gods in terms of nonexistent gods. The gods that the people worshipped in vain, otherwise known as idols. Read Isaiah 44-0 for a description of where these idols come from and how much power they actually have. All other references to multiple gods can be attributed to the concept of the Trinity. That is, the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit united in what is commonly referred to as the Godhead (ie. God). These three parts of the trinity are not separate gods, they are the one and only God. Perhaps if the author recognised the importance of context he would have realised this.

Noahs Ark

This is one of the most fascinating tales of literature out of the bible. Basically, God was angry at the fact that he screwed up his own creation and he wanted to destroy it but flooding the earth, destroying all (Genesis 617) because the humans he created filled the earth with violence and corruption. He gave Noah the opportunity to build an ark and save of each living flesh, one male, one female. Noah is told to make an ark that is 450 feet long. The largest wooden ships ever built were just over 00 feet, and they required diagonal iron strapping for support. Even so, they leaked so badly that they had to be pumped constantly. Are we to believe that Noah, with no shipbuilding knowledge and no shipbuilding tradition to rely upon, was able to construct a wooden ship that was longer than any that has been built since? But not only was the ark too big to be seaworthy, it was far too small to be able to contain the earths millions of plant and animals species, not to mention the 18 inch window he made for ventilation. Did Noah have a degree in zoology and anatomy that he could determine the sex of all these creatures? Anyhow, he gave Noah 7 days to get all those pairs (some in sevens) of animals onto the ark. Wow, Noah must have been sweating his nuts off to be able to get those animals at a rate of 100 per second on there (being that there are over a millon species). What a talented guy. He must have gotten in great shape after this. No wonder he lived to be 50 years old (Genesis ). This will be a great story to tell my kids. If you are over the age of 10, and still believe this, grow up please. Please refer to this site. It has lots of great stats and explanations of the christian view of the questions raised. I challenge you to find the flaws in this theory, to go so far as to disprove it, then I promise you Ill grow up. http//www.christiananswers.net/q-eden/edn-c01.html

Other Impossibilities in the Bible

Aside from Noahs ark not being possible humanly, nor logical, there are so many more. In Exodus (15,7), the Israelite population went from 70 to several million (Exodus 17) in just a few hundred years. They must have been screwing like rabbits and having octuplets to achieve such a goal (even that falls way short). In Exodus 15 the population is stated as 70. In Exodus 17, the population is stated as 600,000 plus women and children. The author is therefore assuming there were many millions of women and children accompanying these 600,000 men, a fairly big assumption. There is also mention of many other people going with them (v.8). In verse 40-41 the time between the 70 people and the 600,000 people is stated as being 40 years. This is plenty of time for the Israelites to reproduce to such numbers, not an impossibility at all.

In Genesis (1811-14), Aahams wife (Sarah) is 0 years old and way past menopause, yet God tells her that her husband will return to impregnate her. Someone please show me a 0 year old capable of having children, and i will change my entire way of thinking. The Bible does not deny the age of Sarah. In 1811 it is said that Aaham and Sarah were already old and well advanced in years, and Sarah was past the age of childbearing. When God tells them that He still intends to keep His promise of giving them descendants, Sarah actually laughs, and God says, Is anything too hard for the Lord? (v.14) She was too old to have children. That is the whole point! God is all-powerful, nothing is too hard for Him, and He keeps His promises even when it seems impossible for Him to do so.

Oh, and be sure to check out Gods cure for leprosy (Leviticus 14-) Get two birds. Kill one. Dip the live bird in the blood of the dead one. Sprinkle the blood on the leper seven times, and then let the blood-soaked bird fly off. Next find a lamb and kill it. Wipe some of its blood on the patients right ear, thumb, and big toe. Sprinkle seven times with oil and wipe some of the oil on his right ear, thumb and big toe. Repeat. Finally kill a couple doves and offer one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering. Hmm...I am curious as to why the MDT (Multi drug therapy) to cure it, doesnt involve any of this. Amazing how these people could do these things thousands of years ago. This is how people were told to deal with sin ( in this case sickness) in the Old testament. It was not meant to be a doctors solution to the problem, but instead shows them the seriousness of sin. I read this and think Jesus, while most people would probably think that this is a load of crap. These practises were a shadow of what was to be fulfilled in the reality of Jesus. The reason that blood needed to be shed can be explained as follows. God is the sustainer of all life, He created us. If we are separated from God, by our sin, then we are also cut off from the life that God gives. The consequence of sin is death. The Bible talks about life being in the blood of animals. The whole sacrificing deal is simply the transferral of punishment from one being to another. Therefore, this requires the innocent being (namely the animal) to die, while we get forgiveness of the sin and consequently life. So why dont we practise sacrifices now? The animal sacrifices were imperfect, they didnt cover all sins nor did they last forever. Jesus is the perfect sacrifice. His death has covered all of our sins and the forgiveness that comes will last forever.

Women and The Bible

One thing that is very amusing about the bible, is that it is anti-woman. Most women refuse to accept this. Let me give you an example...I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalting forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.--Genesis 16. What self-respecting woman today would submit willingly to such tyranny? That is what God said to Eve after discovering that she had eaten the forbidden fruit. Adam didnt get off scott-free. God said to him, Cursed is the grounds because of you; through painful toil you will eat of it all the days of your life. It will produce thorns and thistles for you, and you will eat the plants of the field. By the sweat of yourow you will eat your food until you return to the ground. (Genesis 17-1) Yeah, that anti-woman sentiment is shining through there!

In Leviticus 151-0, God lays down the law on menstruating women. Such women are to God both filthy and sinful, and anyone who comes near them is contaminated by them. Read the first part of chapter 15 and you will find some lovely detail of how men with discharge were treated. There is no inequality here.

In Ezekiel 4-7, God sends a man clothed with linen to mark the foreheads of the men who will be saved. Apparently only men are considered good enough to keep, the others (unmarked men, maids, little children, and women) are to be slaughtered. God says hell fill the courts with the slain and will have pity on no one. This was not a real-life event, it was a vision/dream. It is believed to prophesise the Exile in Daniel 11-4. In real life, nobody was slaughtered, they were simply left behind. In the prophecy, God says, the sin of the house of Israel and Judah is exceedingly great; the land is full of bloodshed and the city is full of injustice. They say, The Lord has forsaken the land; the Lord does not see. So I will not look on them with pity or spare them, but I willing down on their own heads what they have done. (Ezekiel -10) It makes the point of consequences in rejecting God.

Women, be sure to keep the tokens of your virginity. Otherwise the men of your city may stone you to death (Deuteronomy 1-1). The point of such acts is that the people must purge the evil from Israel. (v.). This is not something that occurs in our times, as Jesus provides the means for making us holy, or purging us from sin. If you read the rest of chapter , you will find that many similar instances are described in which men may be stoned to death also for acts which are deemed sexually immoral, generally involving sleeping with someone who is engaged or married to someone else. The treatment of men and women in these cases is equal and just. It is even mentioned that if a man and woman sleep together in a field when the woman is engaged to someone else, only the man will be punished, because nobody would have been able to hear the woman screaming for help. The Bible lays down rules which protect women from being taken advantage of by men and recognises the differences between the genders while loving each.

Dont dare wear any of you boyfriends/husbands clothing, or you will be an abomination to God (Deuteronomy 5). Read the rest of the verse. I dont know how he missed this one. It goes like this a woman must not wear mens clothing, nor a man wear womens clothing, for the Lord your God detests anyone who does this. This rule is not exclusive to women! In terms of the actual rule, remember the context the culture and the time in which this was written is significant.

The bible is anti-woman, blaming women for sin, demanding subservience, mandating a slave/master relationship to men, and demonstrating contempt and lack of compassion. But as i said, women refuse to believe this because they CHOOSE not to believe it. I am not ashamed of the Gospel, because it is the power of God for the salvation of everyone who believes. (Romans 116)

The Bible and Abortion

This seems to be a very touchy subject and i have debated about it many times with christians. Their side is that the bible Thou shalt not kill. justifies the abortion issue. Ok, this is a quick and easy way to end a discussion if you are a theist. Depending of course, who you are debating with. The truth of the fact is, the bible says NOTHING about abortion. According to the bible, life begins at birth--when a baby draws its firsteath. The bible defines life aseath in several significant passages, including the story of Adams creation in Genesis 7, when Godeathed into his nostrils theeath of life; and man became a living soul. Jewish law traditionally considers that personhood begins at birth. Desperate for a biblical basis for their beliefs, some antiabortionists cite obscure passages, usually metaphors or poetic phrasing, such as Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me. Psalm 515 This is sexist, but does nothing other than to invoke original sin. It says nothing about abortion.Thou shalt not kill. does not justify abortion in any way, and i will explain why. Many antiabortionists quote the sixth commandment, Thou shalt not kill (Ex. 01) as evidence that the bible is antiabortion. They fail to investigate the bibles definition of life (eath) (where is this from? Theeath of life is mentioned in Genesis 7, but in Leviticus 1711 it is stated that the life of a creature is in the blood. So which is it? It must also be considered that at the time when the bible was written the term zygote was not in existence. It cannot be expected that the bible contain detailed descriptions of the reproduction process and therefore when exactly life begins.) or its deafening silence on abortion. Moreover, the Mosaic law in Exodus 1-5, directly following the Ten Commandments, makes it clear that an emyo or fetus is not a human being. (read this bit major misinterpretation how is it saying that a fetus is not a human being?) The Commandments, Moses, Jesus and Paul ignored every chance to condemn abortion. (What chances is he talking about? To my knowledge, there was never a time when someone asked a question or mentioned abortion to any of these guys and they chose to ignore it. What is he on about?) If God is Omniscient, and knew abortion was going to be an important concern, why didnt the bible say so?Belief that a human being exists at conception is a matter of faith, not fact. There is no doubt that the zygote is biologically alive. It fulfills the four criteria needed to establish biological life (1) metabolism, () growth, () reaction to stimuli, and (4) reproduction. (There is cell reproduction and twinning, a form of asexual reproduction, which can occur after conception.) (http//www.christiananswers.net/q-sum/q-life-all1.html) Legislating antiabortion faith would be as immoral and unAmerican as passing a law that all citizens must attend Catholic mass! The bible does not condemn abortion; but even if it did, we live under a secular constitution, not in a theocracy. The separation of church and state, the right to privacy, and womens rights all demand freedom of choice. The American and Australian states are biblically based. Examples of that can be seen on the American currency, which bears the phrase in God we trust. The entire third verse of the Australian National Anthem is based around God. You cannot link religion and politics only when it suits politics.

God is cruel & a murderer

One wonders how people can support and worship a God like the one in the bible. He is unbelievably murderous and cruel, particularly in the Old Testament. The Lord is a man of war. (Exodus 15). Boy, this is an understatement. Genesis 74 when he opened the heavens and washed out the earth for forty days and seven nights (oh by the way, in 74 it clearly states it was 150 days) it rained for forty days and forty nights, but the waters receded after 150 days. The stuff doesnt just disappear from the ground as soon as its stops falling out of the sky! and every living substance was destroyed (7) except for those that Noah took on the Ark. How did the entire world disobey God and deserve his wrath, i still havent gotten an answer for. Well, lets look at Gods most important commandment Love the Lord your God with all your heart, soul and mind. If you have everoken this, even once whether in deed or thought, then you have disobeyed God and deserve his wrath. God is just, he is not going to let a small sin slip by, yet punish a big sin. The issue is not how big the sin, but the fact that you have been disobedient towards God.

Even better, in Exodus 0, any man that worship any other God is destroyed.This is talking about purging the evil in Israel. So much for freedom of religion. Isreal the nation was formed on a covenant between God and the people (Exodus 47). They were fully aware of the consequences of their choices within this covenant. Children who curse their parents, adulterers, and homosexuals must be killed (Leviticus 0-1). Numbers is a good scripture of massacre. Chapter 16 of Numbers God buries alive Korah and his family. God burns to death 50 men. God kills 14,700 with a plague. In Numbers 5, God kills 4,000 (,000 according to 1-Corinthians 108) in a plague. (Deuteronomy 171-1) Need we remind the you that without God, Israel would have died in slavery at the hand of the Egyptians? Any man who doesnt listen to a priest, will die. Even those priests who are corrupted and priests who molest children? Where is this from?! The priests in the Old Testament act as a mediator between God and the people, so what they said was (in essence) the word of God. But the priests today are not our mediator. Instead, our mediator is Jesus Christ. So today we fully obey the teachings of Jesus Christ, who is the final revelation of God. Finally, in 1-Kings 1410-1, God promises toing evil upon the house of Jerobaom and says he will cut off anyone that pisseth against the wall. In newer versions this refers to males, not to anyone that pisseth against the wall. God further explains that after he kills them, their dead bodies will be eaten by dogs (if they are city dwellers) or fowls (if they are country folk). These are just a few of the HUNDREDS of cruel and sadistic things God has done in the bible. Dogs and fowls are scavengers, and dwell in the city and country, repectively. It is only common sense that the dead corpses will be eaten by the scavengers. This is a natural process, in much the same way as worms eat coffins and corpses in cemeteries. Is such a sick, twisted, sadistic God worthy of worship? I guess Yes would be the answer if you believe in this and fear it (which goes to show many people do believe because they fear). Faith based on fear is no faith at all. Fear based on faith is what God commands.

Conclusion

My purpose of this page wasent to insult or hurt any person that believes in a deity or any kind of religion. I have my opinions, you have yours. Mine are more realistic while yours are more spiritual. Reality without faith in God is denying yourself of true reality. I have chosen reality because it gives evidence and a clear mind. Sprituality is fantasy and tends to give a false sense of security. The problem with theists is that they were born into a family and a religion and in most cultures, forbidden to change. This is true. Most people who call themselves religious are purely traditionalists. However, the large amount of people who have accepted Christ as Lord and Saviour, without any family history of Christianity, is astounding! They are immediatly poisoned with religious ways they encounter from their parents. However once a person reaches a certain age, they begin to open their mind to other possiblities. I only wish there were more people who would do that. How can someone really say that they believe in God if they have not questioned God at some stage? I know that one of the reasons is that people fear the consequences which were told to them. I, on the other hand, would rather live my life with a clear mind then in fear. I dont need God and religion to give me moral and tell me the difference between wrong and right. I have tried the word of God, and found it to be a bunch of hopeless prayers. Christianity is not a quick-fix. It is about having a relationship with the living God, who enables us to live life to the fullest! Turn on the news sometime, watch innocent people get harmed and hurt for what? Surley those who are innocent and obey the word of God should be privliaged in some way. Religious buffs answer to this is God made it that way, and thats the way it is. Thats just a big excuse and cop-out for not knowing the real reasoning. It also seems that everytime you turn on the news, you hear about priests getting in trouble with the law (mostly due to child molestation). Not even a week ago, a priest from a catholic church down here in Miami was arrested for soliciting to a MALE undercover cop. Excuse me? Arent these supposed to be our Fathers? Dont they help everyone follow the rules of God and get people closer to God? This is an all too common example of the fallen world that we live in. WE live in a world where injustice is commonly seen, and we look at it and question the existence of God. The Lord is not slow in keeping his promise, as some understand slowness. He is patient with you, not wanting anyone to perish, but everyone to come to repentance. ( Peter ) Every injustice that we see should be a vivid reminder of ouroken relationship with God, and the need for us to be reconciled back to Him. God will come and judge us all. If you dont have Christ as your Saviour, then God will judge you justly. God is light; in him there is no darkness at all. (1 John 15)

DISCLAIMER

To all Theists... I have nothing wrong with the belief system. If i choose to believe in an invisible pink unicorn, than thats my choice. But you would think that was ludicrous (probably because you dont think they exist). Then you would know how exactly i feel towards your beliefs. You spend your whole lives looking for eternal salvation, when you havent even begun to live your current life. There are many things to discover in this universe. The answers to eternal salvation can only come when you are finished. So i suggest waiting till then. If there is a God, and God is a compassionate God, then he will not punish you for your lack of belief, but rather your actions (if you were a bad boy or girl). I am not trying to end organized religion, i am just trying to open peoples mind to the other side of the ball. Oh by the way, if you didnt catch that whole invisible pink unicorn thing, an invisible unicorn cannot be pink, and it shows that you do not read between the lines and catch everything your read. Try doing it to the bible sometime, and you will catch its flaws.

A famous Christian book The Bible, THE Word of God Some famous atheist quotes

Atheists do look for answers to existence itself. They just dont make them up Teller from Penn & teller.

Faith is believing in something you know aint true. Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain)

The insperation of the bible depends on the ignorance of the person who reads it. Robert G. Ingersoll

To hate man, and worship God seems to be the sum of all creeds. Robert G. Ingersoll

If people are good only because they fear punishment, and hope for reward, then we are a sorry lot indeed. Albert Einstein

When the Gods wish to punish us, they answer our prayers. Oscar Wilde

All religions have been made by men. Napoleon Bonapart

Religion is excellent stuff for keeping the common people quiet. Napoleon Bonapart

Millions of Men, women, and children, since the introduction of Christianity, have been burnt, tortured, fined, imprisoned, yet we have not advanced one inch towards uniformity. Thomas Jefferson

I was born a Heretic. I always distrust people who know so much about what God wants them to do to their fellows. Susan B. Anthony

All thinking men are Atheists. Ernest Hemingway

Belief in a cruel God, makes a cruel man. Thomas Paine

Please note that this sample paper on Defining Atheism & The Impossibility of God's Existance is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Defining Atheism & The Impossibility of God's Existance, we are here to assist you. Your cheap college papers on Defining Atheism & The Impossibility of God's Existance will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Cast of Amantillo

If you order your cheap essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Cast of Amantillo. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Cast of Amantillo paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Cast of Amantillo, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Cast of Amantillo paper at affordable prices with affordable paper writing service!

The Cask of Amontillado In the short story The Cask of Amontillado, Edgar Allen Poe uses imagery to relay the atmosphere and the feelings of the setting and character. We find that he uses this imagery to talk about a moment, an attitude and places. Foreshadowing is also used to let the audience know how he intended to interact the other character. It lets the reader know and understand why certain behaviors and actions take place. Without his extensive use of imagery andief flirt with foreshadowing, the effectiveness of getting the idea of this story across to the reader may not have happened. One of his first uses of imagery is when he refers to an evening as one of "supreme madness of the carnival season" (17). This allows the reader to generate their own opinion of what type of madness exist during the carnival season. If a reader has been to a carnival before, he might find himself visualizing the characters in a setting not unlike one he has experienced. The way this is imagined will differ according to what the reader has experienced. I imagined it as being comparable to visiting Disneyland Paris during the peek season. Being that it was during the evening there were probably few children there, which in my memory might be more like attending a wine fest similar to the ones held in Germany. In this same paragraph, Poe referred to the way a drunken Fortunato greeted him as "excessive warmth for he had been drinking much." (17). This was relatively easy for me to image because Ive experienced many people impaired by alcohol. I envisioned a stumbling man forcing himself upon the author to give him a hug or even an over-exaggerated handshake. From this passage alone, I was able to smell Fortunatos alcohol strickeneath.

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The imagery use to describe the vault lacked the ability to clearly give the reader the intended picture. One was led to believe that if there was wine stored in this vault, then it was a cellar of some type. By describing the vault as being "lined with human remains" and had bones mixed about, one is left with his own interpretation of what to picture (176). Having read this story four times, I didnt imagine the same thing twice for this vault. Perhaps that was Poes intent. Whatever the case, it made the story different each time it was read. Poe did a good job of letting the readers know that this greeting wasnt one that was bothersome just from the use of the word warmth. In an earlier passage Poe cleverly used foreshadowing that predicted how he would behave once he seen Fortunato again. He explained to the audience how he would deceive Fortunato in to believing that he had nothing but good will for him. Poe stated, "It must be understood that neither by word nor deed had I given Fortunato cause to doubt my good will." (17). It was made clear that Poe wanted Fortunato to think he had no intentions of getting revenge. He felt this was the only way to truly avenge the wrong done to him. This story was cleverly put together and arranged in an order to that took maximum use of imagery. It allowed the reader to picture setting based on the understanding to the words used to describe them, thus changing the way each reader interpret the story. Works Cited Poe, Edgar A. "The Cask of Amontillado." "Literature and the Writing Process." Ed. Elizabeth McMahan, Susan X Day and Robert Funk . New Jersey Prentice Hall, 00. 17-177

Please note that this sample paper on Cast of Amantillo is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Cast of Amantillo, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom research papers on Cast of Amantillo will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment from cheap paper writing service and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Investigation into interest groups and conflicts involved in nuclear power stations and national parks:

If you order your cheap essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Investigation into interest groups and conflicts involved in nuclear power stations and national parks:. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Investigation into interest groups and conflicts involved in nuclear power stations and national parks: paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Investigation into interest groups and conflicts involved in nuclear power stations and national parks:, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Investigation into interest groups and conflicts involved in nuclear power stations and national parks: paper at affordable prices! Investigation into interest groups and conflicts involved in nuclear power stations and national parks

Who are the interest groups

Local unemployed

Locals Cheap research paper on Investigation into interest groups and conflicts involved in nuclear power stations and national parks: National power grid

Workers

CND (campaign for nuclear disarmourment)

Green peace

Friends of the earth

Ministry of defence

The government

National parks

BNFL (itish nuclear fuels)

Environment agency

CORE (Camians opposed to radioactive environment)

ICRP (international commission on radiological protection)

The world

Conflicts with the national parks and nuclear power

Pylons and power lines

Nuclear waste storage

Environmental pollution

High potential health hazard

National park tourism

Livelihood

Nuclear transportation through national parks

Increased leukaemia in area surrounding nuclear power stations

See more of the above below;

Pylons and power lines

There is considerable controversy not just over the sitting to the national park but also because of the associated high voltage transmission lines needed

To connect the stations to the National Grid. Indeed to many observers the

construction of these power lines has caused a greater visual impact on

the landscape than the construction of the stations themselves.

High potential health hazard

There is a high potential health hazard for nuclear power stations if there is a fire or explosion. In Chernobyl there was a meltdown, which they thought would go down into the earths mantle and start a volcanic eruption, but thankfully it didnt.

Environmental pollution

Between 15 and 15, Sellafield dumped 18 kilograms of plutonium down a pipeline into the Irish Sea. This amounts to 717 terabecquerels (TBq) of radioactivity--about half the fallout of plutonium in the entire North Atlantic from 50 atmospheric bomb tests in the 160s.

Nuclear waste storage

Tonnes of intermediate (liquid and solid) nuclear waste was being produced in sellafield before there was any known way of storing it safely. So it remained in the station until a ditch was dug for temporary storage. Nuclear waste can be stored safely by turning it into glass ingots by adding borosilicate to the waste, which allows waste to be stored for 50,000 years and not radioactive, and also able to be ground to fine powder sill be harmless.

National park tourism

The tourism in the national park would go if there were an accident or proved high radiation levels in the national park, like in Snowdonia N.P or The Lake District N.P.

There does not have to be an accident or proof of radiation to stop tourists though,

If the plant is despised so much there will be no tourism in the park, then no

Maintenance or conservation to keep it a national park unless funded by government.

Livelihood

The locals livelihood would be affected by a nuclear power station,

E.g. where once was a local green or park is know a towering power station and would be to imposing.

Nuclear transportation through national parks

There is great opposition on the transportation of nuclear fuel or waste travelling through anywhere, but especially in national parks. If there were an accident or spill the area/park would be devastated for years if not centuries.

There is proof that there is increased numbers of people with leukaemia around nuclear power stations

Here is a story of three girls that died from the radiation and acute leukaemia in sellafield.

"A couple who say radiation killed three of their daughters have pledged to re-open the investigation into the deaths following a damming report into safety atitish Nuclear Fuels. Joe and Stella McMaster of Fulwood, Preson, believe radiation from the nuclear industry is to blame for the deaths of their children, Judith, Jill and Lynn. The couple claim BNFL bosses have never explained the tragedies that have devastated their family and they say the revelations about safety at the nuclear giants Sellafield plant come as no surprise. Joe, 77, worked as a research chemist atitish Nuclear Fuels Springfield plant near Preston for 0 years. He said an incident at the Springfields plant in the 150s which caused him to inhale Uranium UF6 gas sparked off a catalogue of health problems. Joe claimed his urine samples after the accident showed his uranium content to be 18 times above the normal level. Just months later he lost all of his teeth after they became so loose he could twist them around. But nothing prepared the family for the tragedies that were to follow. After already celeating the birth of two daughters they were delighted when Stella became pregnant with twins. After a problem-free pregnancy the babies were born six weeks premature but one of the twins, Judith, died at just three days old.It was a hard loss to bear, but the couple consoled themselves with the knowledge that they had three remaining lovely daughters. But in 17 their second eldest daughter Jill was taken ill. She started a nosebleed that would not stop and she was admitted to hospital for tests. The family were horrified when she was diagnosed as having acute leukaemia. She was moved to a hospital in Manchester where she died two weeks later. It was then that Stella began to question whether their deaths could be linked to Joes work with the nuclear industry. In 188 the family suffered another devastating blow when their eldest daughter Lynn, a mother of one, was diagnosed with a rare blood disease and died. When I worked at BNFL I was sworn for life to the Official Secrets Act, but now I could not care less. Now I just want to find out the truth," said Joe. (Lancashire Evening Post 1//00) Stella and Joe strongly believe that the reactor fire at Windscale (now named Sellafield) in October 157 played a vital part. At that time they were on a family holiday a few miles from the plant and the children were playing on the beach, drinking the milk and eating locally grown fresh vegetables. When they returned home they found out that the area had been badly contaminated milk was being thrown down the drains and vegetables were unfit for human consumption. By then the damage was done. "We have been assured by medical experts that the timescale between exposure and deaths from leukaemia were correct, but oh no, BNFL still say it is unfortunate but really sheer coincidence", says Stella. She maintains that when Joe retired at 60, his radiation body count showed 00 Becquerels, although it should only have been around 5. A private blood test confirmed chromosome defects due to radiation exposure. Neither his high body count, dismissed by BNFL as being due to a faulty machine, nor his chromosome damage were ever explained by the company. The couple have been trying to get to the truth for 10 years and will continue to do so. They are sure there are other families worldwide, either employed by or living around nuclear installations who are trying to get justice and they wish them luck. They believe the industry is one big cover-up and condemn the cavalier attitude of the 50s and 60s when employees, who were initially selected for being 100% fit, were deliberately exposed to unknown, but now considered unacceptable, risks to their health. They are appalled by the industrys denials over Joes and their childrens health problems. He was never offered compensation for his accident much less any sympathy. "Never in our wildest dreams did we consider the far reaching consequences and the terrible tragedies. You dont expect to outlive even one of your children, much less three. If BNFL had to sit at a bedsite and watch each child die, they might be a bit more compassionate" said Stella, "BNFL just do not want to know they justush it all under the carpet and hope we will give up our campaign for truth and justice, but we are sorry to disappoint them." MP Nigel Evans, who has supported them, urged the couple to carry on fighting until they find out the truth. A BNFL spokesman said We have had a meeting with Mr. McMaster to try and reassure him that his daughters deaths were not related to working at Springfields."

Sellafield nuclear power station

Sellafield, formally Windscale and home of the 157 reactor fire, lies on the Irish Sea coast and alongside Englands famous Lake District. In an area of just one mile by one mile and a half, the site hosts the lethal legacies of nuclear weapons material production, decades of commercial reprocessing residues - and the reputation to go with them. With faltering nuclear prospects at home BNFL are turning to other countries for expansion with claims of expertise. Their failure to first put their own Sellafield house in order is a mark of their lack of credibility, as are the unsolved and long-term problems they leave behind in England.

Calder Hall, opened by the Queen in 156, and it generates enough electricity to supply a city the size of Leeds. Sellafield also has a host of other plants, including two reprocessing plants - one to reprocess the waste from the old so-called Magnox nuclear power stations and one, Thorp, to reprocess spent fuel from the newer privatised plants at home and aoad.

Why is nuclear power so unpopular here?

Originally because of its close connection with nuclear weapons. The original stations were built not to produce electricity but to make plutonium for nuclear weapons. But the public werent told that straight away - in fact not until the 180s. The industrys early habit of lying made people sceptical and suspicious. Add to that the sometimes-irrational fear of radioactivity and the appalling results of the Chernobyl accident and the dislike expand into a wish the industry would just go away.

The UK Environment Agency regulates discharges of radioactive waste from the notorious Sellafield nuclear site into the sea and air. Sellafield discharges some 8 million litres of nuclear waste into the sea every day. These discharges have made the Irish Sea the most radioactively contaminated in the world, and the contamination has spread along the shores of Wales, Scotland, Ireland, the Isle of Man, Denmark, Sweden, Norway and as far north as the Arctic. There is no safe dose of radiation any level may cause cancers and genetic damage.

The Environment Agency is currently holding a public consultation on Sellafields discharges of one particularly controversial radioactive substance, known as technetium- (Tc-). Tc- has a half-life of 1,000 years, which means it remains dangerous to countless future generations. It also builds up to high levels in marine life including lobsters, mussels, limpets, winkles and seaweed. In 17 levels of Tc- in lobsters near Sellafield reached up to 4 times the European intervention level for food after a nuclear accident. High levels were also found in seaweed in Ireland and Nordic countries and, following international protest, the UK Government promised to act to stop these discharges.

Although BNFL reduced its discharges of Tc- somewhat between 15 and 18, the discharges have since increased again. Discharges of many other radioactive substances have increased too, and there are plans to increase them further. Greenpeace believes that the Environment Agency and the Government are backtracking under pressure from BNFL, the publicly-owned company that operates the Sellafield site. The Government and the Environment Agency could and should act to stop the discharges now.

Greenpeace claims that the ground that sellafield is as radioactive as the ground in Chernobyl.

A reactor in sellafield

Trawsfynydd nuclear power station in Snowdonia national park

The Trawsfynydd nuclear plant is situated on the shores of the Trawsfynydd Lake in North Wales. It was the first nuclear power plant initain to be built on a site inland. Its surroundings offer spectacular scenery and interesting wildlife.

The plant is one of several Magnox reactors that belong to an earlier design generation which employs steel pressure vessels. The name "Magnox " reflects that the nuclear fuel is contained within a cladding made out of a magnesium alloy.

Magnox stations pioneered the commercial use of nuclear power in the 160s and still supply much ofitains need for base-load electricity.

Their image as the "workhorses" of the nuclear industry is derived from a reputation for high availability and safe performance.

Trawsfynydd is currently being decommissioned.

The reasons for shutting this plant down reflected some concerns that the steel pressure vessel was gradually becoming emittled. Since the site is located within the beautiful Snowdonia National Park, it was considered important that the decommissioning should be made in such a manner that would leave the smallest possible impact on the environment. So they use the safe store construction.

Safe store construction

Diminishing the visual impact of the plant was one of the demands that the local public viewed as the most important. This is accomplished by reducing the height of the reactor buildings from 55 meter to meters. That requires lowering the height of the tall structures inside the buildings, such as parts of the boilers and the refuelling machines. Safe-store structures of reduced height can then be constructed.

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Trawsfynydd Power Station lies within the boundaries of a National Park of considerable beauty and is located on the northern bank of Llyn Trawsfynydd. Following the decommissioning of the plant, the existing building structure is to be reduced in height and encased in a new Safestore envelope. The objective is to reduce and in some cases eliminate the buildings impact within the National Park. The Safestore structure is to provide an aesthetically acceptable, cost effective means of long term, secure storage for specific radioactive materials and structures. As well as minimising the visual impact of the site the structure is based on the following criteria The design life shall be 15 years. During the majority of this period it is proposed that the site will be unmanned. The structures shall be intruder resistant with a m wall also gives an improved visual balance between the lower and upper levels of the external elevations. The landscape within the site boundary will reflect the character of the natural surrounding landscape so the there are no visible boundaries and the landscape flows naturally through the site.

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