Dickens/Austen

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Dickens/Austen. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Dickens/Austen paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Dickens/Austen, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Dickens/Austen paper at affordable prices! Dickens/ Austen Prompt

Jane Austen and Charles Dickens portray a marriage proposal in their novels which differ in rhetorical strategies. While Austen uses a more condescending and

non-intimate proposal, Dickens has a more humble and romantic approach to the proposal.

Austens proposal begins with the phrase that reflects the selfishness and arrogance of his entire proposal "My reasons." Throughout the proposal Austen lists the reasons why he should marry, rather than listing what he has to offer her. His first reason for matrimony is simply that a clergyman "like [him]self should marry in order to set the example." He later adds that his patroness declared that a "clergy man like [him] must marry." Apparently, Austen sets himself on a high horse because of his status as a clergyman. Austen blatantly states, "I am convinced that it will add to greatly to my happiness." No where in his proposal does Austen add that he willing joy to her life as well, proving that while Austen intends to win her hand in marriage, it is not likely that she is impressed by his choice of words. Further, Austen states, "and thirdly-which perhaps I should have mentioned earlier…"and right when the reader expects Austen to declare his undying love for the woman, he merely reveals that the main reason for his proposal is that his patroness convinced him to do so. Austens proposal is obviously impersonal and unaffectionate because Austen discloses that his proposal is not something that he necessarily wanted but rather something he and his patroness felt that he needed. When Austen adds that his patroness asked him to "chuse properly, chuse a gentlewoman for my sake; and for your own…fund such a woman as soon as you can,ing her to Hunsford, and I will visit her," Austen reveals that this woman will be evaluated under the criteria of his patroness. The only point at which Austen compliments the woman he is proposing to is when he states "your wit and vivacity I think must be acceptable to [my patroness]." It is almost as if he is recruiting someone for a job rather than proposing to a woman. Clearly, Austen uses a cocky marriage proposal without ever appealing to the womans emotions. Cheap essay writing services offer help on Dickens/Austen Charles Dickens, on the other hand, uses a humble and emotionally rich proposal to win the heart of the love of his life. The second sentence in his proposal is simply stated "I love you." These three words contain more meaning and value than Austens entire proposal, and Austen elaborates it by detailing the "tremendous attraction" he feels for her. He continues by describing the extent of his love for her by stating, "You could draw me to fire, you could draw me to water, you could draw me to the gallows, you could draw me to any death, you could draw me to anything I have most avoided…" The repetition of you could draw me and the hyperbolic ideas serve to emphasize Dickens vulnerability and passion; he would do anything for her love. At this point the woman is likely enthralled and weak at the knees; Dickens is achieving his purpose. Dickens further convinces the woman of his love for her by stating, "But if you would return a favourable answer to my offer of marriage, you could draw me to good-every good-with equal force." Dickens states that all he needs to be satisfied and content is for her to share her life with him and agree to his proposal. In addition, Dickens explains why he wants to marry her, as well as expresses what he has to offer her, indicating that the selflessness in his proposal. He tells her, "You would want for nothing" in order to convince her of his intentions to satisfy her and make certain that she is fulfilled in their marriage. Dickens also includes that his "reputation is quite high, and it will be a shield for [hers]." Obviously, Dickens is not merely self-interested, but wants her to know of the advantages to marrying him as well. He appeals to her emotions by stating that he longs for her to feel pride in his work, and that he will "try hard that [she] should." Evidently Dickens puts this woman, rather than himself, on a high horse; he strives to impress her and convince her that he has admirable characteristics. Dickens emphasizes his love for her once again by declaring that the makes the proposal "with all [his] heart." By the end of the proposal Dickens appears to plead, "I only add that if it is any claim on you to be in earnest, I am in thorough earnest, dreadful earnest." The repetition of the word earnest implies that Dickens hopes the woman will understand and respond positively to his sincere proposal. This closing sentence is meant to "seal the deal," or finalize her decision. Obviously, Dickens approach to the proposal of is far more touching and emotional than Austens manner of proposing.

Jane Austen unsentimental and cocky proposal and Charles Dickens passionate and selfless proposal differ enormously in their rhetorical strategies. While a woman who received Austens proposal would be offended and unsympathetic, a woman who received Dickens proposal would likely be crying tears of joy and bliss.

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organizational behavior

If you order your cheap essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on organizational behavior. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality organizational behavior paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in organizational behavior, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your organizational behavior paper at affordable prices! Organizational Behavior

A definition of Operating Organizational Behavior has many characteristics, and can envelop many areas of an organization. From an individual point of view Organizational Behavior seems simple to understand, but if you examine it little closer, organizational behavior can be a little complicated. According to Robbins, Organizational Behavior, p. , can be defined as "behavior within an organization or as a field of study, which investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organizations effectiveness." In this paper, I will define operating Organizational behavior as it applies to me. With reference to organizational behavior, there are many important functions to consider when operating from a business standpoint, for example, people skills, open communication, training and ethics.

People Skills

As a manager people skills are very important. Lacking people skills can create serious problems among employees and management. I will give an example of the importance of having people skills. One of my companys directives includes selecting employees of diverse backgrounds and allowing them to interview collectively to facilitate in selecting prospective managers. I had the privilege of sitting in on one of the interviews for hiring a prospective top-level manager. We were allowed to ask any questions within guidelines. After careful consideration, a candidate was selected unanimously by the group because of his ability to interact with the group. The group was able to recognize his strengths as a leader with exceptional people skills. People simply want to know that managers can and will relate to their issues whether personal or professional and that managers are concerned about them. Cheap research paper on organizational behavior Open Communication

Open communication is the most important of all when defining operating organizational behavior. If there is no communication, the business cannot operate successfully and it will and can suffer. There can be many barriers andeakdowns, there is not a good outcome of this or shall I say the lack there of.

For example, one of lower level managers at my job receives information from the top-level manager to delegate the task down to an employee to complete. The manager keeps the information and tries to do it himself. After several attempts, he reluctantly admits to himself that he cannot complete the job, at which time he summons the help of the employee. The employee was asked to provide feedback on the subject, which he discovers that he is pressed for time. Simply stated, this could have been avoided by having open communication. As a result of poor management skills, it cost the company time and money because the deadline was not met and the contract was lost. With communication comes clarity. According to Sull, Harvard Management Update, it helps when you make the commitment to transform, you need to present a clear picture of what you want.

Training

Training employees is an essential component of a corporations success. A company success is only as prosperous as the persons running it can perform. Training can affect a corporations growth and profits. At my job, it is essential to have skills in certain areas, for example, being a test pilot, or electrical, industrial, or mechanical engineer, knowledge in computer science, or having knowledge in areas of electrical and technical fields. These areas are all important to the company, because of the nature of the business; therefore training is very important in operating organizational behavior. Training is one of the keys to profit gain in an organization.

Ethics

It is very important to maintain ethics throughout any history of a company. Ethics is the core of what a company should be founded on. Ethics says who you are, and what you symbolize or what amount of integrity that you are built on. Recently an major aircraft company lost a multi billion contract with the Air Force due to some unethical practices by top-level management. It cost the company not only the billions of dollars from the contract, but it cost the company millions more, due to mandatory training for employees on unethical behavior.

Conclusion

Organizational Behavior can be defined in many ways when operating a business. It depends on many factors; however, these are only a few elements, but these can be very effective in the use of operating within a corporation. Positive or negative changes within an organization can affect many people who are directly or indirectly involved in an organization. The key element is to choose leadership styles and techniques that are best suited for the situation and for the company. There are many elements for defining operating behavior in a business; however, people skills, open communication, training and ethics are some of the key elements to building a successful organization with limited behavioral problems.

References

Robbins S (001), Organizational Behavior [University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text], Pearson Custom Publishing. Retrieved September 10, 00 from University of Phoenix, Resource, ORG/50-Global Business Cultural and organization Web site http//ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/resource/resource/asp

Gary, L (00) Harvard Management Update Vol.8 Issue 8, p, p Masterfile Premier, Retrieved September 10, 00 from the Ebsco Host Database

Please note that this sample paper on organizational behavior is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on organizational behavior, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom research papers on organizational behavior will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

How My Eighth Grade English Teacher Made a Lasting Impression on my Life

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on How My Eighth Grade English Teacher Made a Lasting Impression on my Life. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality How My Eighth Grade English Teacher Made a Lasting Impression on my Life paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in How My Eighth Grade English Teacher Made a Lasting Impression on my Life, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your How My Eighth Grade English Teacher Made a Lasting Impression on my Life paper at affordable prices! My eighth grade english teacher has made a lasting impression on my life. I will never forget the important lessons she went over. Advertising in the media, the importance of the holocaust, and racism are a few that made the most impact on my life.

I never would have stopped to think about how the media can control our feelings and shape our lives. She pointed out and analized how advertisments work to make people feel bad about themselves, and confide in what is being advertised in order to be happy. Now that I am aware of that, I am a much happier person.

The Holocaust was the subject she was the most passionate about. I learned how easily people can be manipulated, how terrible hate is, and howave people can really be. I will always remember the time and emotion she put into that unit.

I didnt think much about racism and its effects on our lives. The discussions we had as a class really tuned me into what was really happening. Now I always try to treat everyone equal the best I can. It wasnt easy to catch myself when saying things, but now I do. My english teacher was determined to change our lives. She really changed mine. I thank her for the passion and individuality she has shared with me. Oh yes you have no idea no idea none at all. None what so ever. Nope no you dont you just dont nope. nope. nope, nepe, nope.

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Disturbing Equiliuim

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Disturbing Equiliuim. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Disturbing Equiliuim paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Disturbing Equiliuim, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Disturbing Equiliuim paper at affordable prices! Experiment 6

Disturbing Equiliium

Aim To observe the effect of a change in conditions on a system at equiliium and explain the effects observed through Le Châteliers principle.

Equipment5 medium test tubes

1 test-tube rack

1 100-mL beaker

1 50mL beaker

1 dropper pipet

1 spatula

1 50-mL graduated cylinder

1 white card, to record

Materials

Saturated potassium nitrate solution, KNO

0.1 M Iron (III) chloride, FeCl

0.1 M Potassium thiocyanate, KSCN

Potassium chloride crystals, KCl

Potassium nitrate crystals, KNO

Ice

Distilled water

Procedure

Part A. Effect of Temperature on a Physical Equiliium

1. Add - mL of saturated potassium nitrate solution to a clean test tube. Using a spatula, add one crystal of potassium nitrate to the solution to act as a seed crystal.

. Cool the test tube in a 50mL beaker of ice for 10 minutes. Record results.

. Remove the test tube from the ice water and place it in the test-tube rack. Record what happens as the solution warms to room temperature.

Part B. Common Ion Effect on a Chemical Equiliium

4. Use a graduated cylinder to add 50 mL of distilled water to a 100 mL beaker. Add 1 mL of 0.1M iron (III) chloride and 1mL of potassium thiocyanate to the water; stir.

5. Label four identical, dry test tubes. Pour 5 mL of the mixture from step 4 into each. Hold the tubes over a white background and look down into them and they should appear equally dark.

6. Tube 1 is the control in this experiment. To tube , add 0 drops of 0.1M iron (III) chloride. To tube , add 0 drops of 0.1M potassium thiocyanate. Flick each tube to mix the solutions. To tube 4, add 1g of potassium chloride crystals. Flick the tube to dissolve the crystals. Compare the colours of the solutions in tubes , and 4 with the colour of the solution in the control tube (tube 1). Record your observations.

Results/Observations

System Observation

KNO (sat.) (cooled) Turned to ice crystals , forming up the tube.

KNO (sat.)

(warmed) Decomposed to ice flakes, a small amount of liquid.

Fe+/SCN- reaction Red concentration, (Control test tube).

Fe+/SCN-

Mixture + additional Fe+ Slightly darker from the control test tube.

Fe+/SCN-

Mixture + additional SCN- Significantly darker from the control test tube.

Fe+/SCN-

Mixture + KCl(s) Lighter from the control test tube. Almost orange

Conclusion

1. Write a balanced equation for the equiliium that existed before the saturated potassium nitrate was cooled.

KNO + KNO

. Did lowering the temperature (step ) affect the equiliium? Explain your answer.

Lowering the temperature does effect the equiliium, because this disrupts the balance and therefore has to make adjustments needed to restore the equiliium. This reaction is an exothermic reaction, because when the temperature is reduced it releases heat and the equiliium shifts and favours the products.

. Did increasing the temperature (step ) disturb the equiliium? What evidence do you have for your answer?

Increasing the temperature does effect the equiliium. The equiliium favours the side that absorbs heat, in this case the reactants. Evidence shows when increasing the temperature, the ice crystals decomposed and were less dense and liquid was visible. This exothermic reaction disrupted the balance of the equiliium and shifted to balance the stress of the system.

4. Explain what happened in the potassium nitrate system in terms of Le Châteliers principle.

The Le Châteliers principle states if a stress is applied to a system in a dynamic equiliium, the system changes to relieve the stress. In reducing and increasing the temperature in the potassium nitrate solution, this is applied stress to the equiliium. The equiliium relieves this stress by shifting to favour a side, to readjust and balance the reaction.

5. Write a balanced equation for the equiliium that existed after the ferric and thiocyanate were combined in the beaker.

FeCl + KSCN FeSCN + KCl

6. What evidence was there that the equiliium shifted when iron (III) chloride was added? In which direction did it shift?

The evidence shown that the equiliium adjusted, was the change in colour. This concentration changed colour slightly from the controlled test tube (tube 1). This displayed, that when iron (III) chloride concentration was added the equiliium shifted to favour the products. Iron (III) chloride is a reactant and adding more of this concentration produces more of the products.

7. What evidence was there that the equiliium shifted when potassium thiocyanate was added? In which direction did it shift?

The evidence also shown that the equiliium adjusted, was the change in colour. This concentration changed colour significantly from the controlled test tube (tube 1). The controlled test tube was a red colour and changed to a very deep red. This displayed, when potassium thiocyanate concentration was added the equiliium shifted to favour the products.

8. Explain the effect of adding potassium chloride to the system.

The effect of adding potassium chloride is that the equiliium will have to adjust to the stress of the added concentration. The equiliium will shift to favour the reactants. Adding the potassium chloride changes the colour and this indicates the equiliium has shifted to balance the stress of the system.

. Explain the changes observed in the Ferrothiocyanate ion system in terms of Le Châteliers principle.

The changes involved in the system was the large amount of colour change due to the added concentrations. In tube 1 was the control of the experiment, with the colour a red. In tube the colour went slightly darker when the iron (III) chloride was added. In tube the colour of this concentration changed significantly darker, and tube 4 changed lighter. The Ferrothiocyanate solution has this applied stress of the added concentrations. This disrupts the balance of the equiliium and the equiliium relieves this stress by re-adjusting and favouring a side to balance the reaction to reach dynamic equiliium.

Please note that this sample paper on Disturbing Equiliuim is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Disturbing Equiliuim, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Disturbing Equiliuim will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

"Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair." How does Milton convey these two sides to Satans character?

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on "Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair." How does Milton convey these two sides to Satans character?. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality "Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair." How does Milton convey these two sides to Satans character? paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in "Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair." How does Milton convey these two sides to Satans character?, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your "Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair." How does Milton convey these two sides to Satans character? paper at affordable prices! "Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair." How does Milton convey these two sides to Satans character?

In common belief Satan is characterised historically as one sided, evil and unrelenting. In the context of Paradise Lost, Milton portrays Satan differently. This is not to say that Miltons ambiguous portrayal of Satan stems from his lack of Christian faith. I would say that it comes more from his reformed view of Oliver Cromwell, as he became a ruling despot, possibly comparable to a demon. Therefore Cromwells open and hidden sides are expressed through the character of Satan.

From the outset Satan appears to be "vaunting aloud", describing god as a "potent victor". However, it is not possible to look deeply into the character of Satan on the strength of his words alone. He has been shown to lie and manipulate in order to achieve his own ends. He describes his lower ranking angels as "joined in equal ruins", clearly denying the hierarchy that he has established. This shows that there are definitely different sides to his character.

Superficially, Satan is living up to his classical stereotype. He is still pent on revenge despite his punishment. This is revealed with the statement "what though the field be lost." His attacks on god are relentless but it is debatable that they are vexatious. It could be argued that Satans remarks about "the grand foe" are for the comforts of his comrades. He states, "to be weak is to be miserable". This is conveying Satan almost as a hero�comparable to Cromwell trying to raise an army against his oppressor, the King. However, we can also view Satan as selfish, only trying to use more force against god to establish glory for himself in victory. Regardless of this, Satan is described as having "dauntless courage". He can be seen as being extremely admirable in response to his views on god who had his "strength concealed". This is a depiction of a vengeful god who hid his own strength. We are also told that this god is there only because he has always been. From Satans portrayal of god in Books One and Two, it would appear that he is held in complete contempt. He would rather "reign in hell than serve in heaven". From this it would appear that he is proud of who he is. This is a quality intrinsic to most classical heroes. However, his nature is at the very root of his despair. He has replaced his love for god, with love for himself. Thus, making pride the very essence of his evil. Cheap essay writing services offer help on "Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair." How does Milton convey these two sides to Satans character? It is arguable that god created Satan to serve the purpose of his sole "delight", in evil. God and Satan come from the same "empyreal substance". It could be said that they are one and the same. This leads me to the question which has plagued Christians since time immemorial as to why god would create evil. Satans answer to this is that god "seeks toing forth good" out of "our evil". This is to say that nothing exists without an opposite comparison. If there were no evil, good would be non-existent in the universe. Satan in his subverted role, as essentially good, denies his free will, giving way to a belief that he is "programmed to revolt". Living in light of this self-realization is where his despair begins to show. He is aware that true hell is within the mind, "we can make a heaven of hell and a hell of heaven". However, denying his free will, will inevitably create a hell for himself. Pride acts as a barrier as to seeing through his delusions that he can take revenge on his creator. Still, he can see no "resolution from despair". It is my view that Satans slander of god is a mask. In his soliloquy in Book Four, he refers to god as "the matchless king". However, his "dread of shame" which comes directly from his essentially evil pride is what will stop him making peace with god. His despair in the loss of the love of god is what motivates him to revenge. Even in Book One, he is sorry that he has lost "the happy fields".

Please note that this sample paper on "Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair." How does Milton convey these two sides to Satans character? is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on "Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair." How does Milton convey these two sides to Satans character?, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on "Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair." How does Milton convey these two sides to Satans character? will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Away

If you order your cheap essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Away. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Away paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Away, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Away paper at affordable prices! The ideology of a text is shaped and created by the readers

pre-existing knowledge of the issues presented in it. To fully

understand the values and attitudes towards the female

characters presented in Michael Gows play Away the reader must first have a strong awareness and understanding of

Australian society in the 160s which is the period in which

the play is set. When considering the play Away from a

contemporary, post feminist context, it is recognised that

societies over emphasis on the importance of women

conforming to traditional gender values had a damaging

effect on the growth of individuality within the Australian

female population during the160s. In the patriarchal society

in which the play is set, it becomes evident that womens

worth was based largely on their willingness to conform to

traditional gender roles. The exploration and reflection of

other texts and sources have shaped my understanding of the

female characters in Away and societies attitudes towards them.

The non fiction history text Australia since 180, an interview

with Helen Walsh discussing life as a female teenager in the

160s and the two fiction texts Summer City directed by

Christopher Fraser and The Dish directed by Rob Sitch explore

the different roles women chose to play in the 160s, and through

this exploration reinforce the argument, that the growth of

female individuality in Australia during the 160s was greatly

confined by societies traditional values and expectations.

When considering Away from a contemporary, post

feminist context, the readers values concerning different

issues, in particular the representation of women, are

shaped and influenced by their pre-existing knowledge

of the roles women played and were expected to play in

Australia during the 160s. At the time there were many

social pressures and expectations placed on the way

women should and should not act. Such expectations are

fulfilled by the character Gwen who represents the typical

Australian mother who abides by traditional gender roles,

conforming with the ides and principals of the patriarchal

society in which she lived. The history text Australia since

the 180s, greatly influenced my attitudes towards, and

understanding of the character Gwen, as it clearly outlined

that in the 160s it was expected that women would not

have pre-marital sex, that they would marry, and that they

would have children, and sustain a domestic role consisting

mainly of cooking, cleaning and looking after the children.

This knowledge shaped my understanding of Gwen as I no

longer considered her to be a parent whos strict regime was

to create misery, but was infact for fear that her daughter

Meg would fail to live up to their patriarchal societys

gender expectations and as a consequence face

marginalisation by other members of their society.

This is shown when Meg confronts her mother about purposely

leaving Jims box of presents at home and Gwen reacts out of

concern not spite. Meg I want to know why you did it ?

Gwen You watch your tongue my girl. Meg You knew

what was in that box. You left it behind. I want to know why.

Gwen Where have you picked up these ugly manners?..

Youre developing a nasty, cruel streak. You know what

youre becoming? Snide. A nasty, snide girl. No one likes a

snide girl. Always arguing, always throwing a tantrum, getting

your own way, answering back, correcting people, criticizing,

complaining, no one likes that sort of girl. Unless you count

your foul mouthed little English chum. Youll make a great

pain. Throw your future away. Give it away. Throw what I

have done, we have done in our faces.

When first reading this passage I thought Gwens reaction

was unjustifiable and uncalled for, however after becoming

aware of the social expectation placed on females I realised

that Gwen was merely looking after Megs best interests by

telling her off, as she was telling Meg what aspects of her

character society would reject her for.

Australia since 180 influenced me to create a more positive attitude

towards Gwens character, as I had originally found it

difficult to understand her decision to remain unemployed,

considering her obsession with money. However the text

outlined many of the pressures and events that occurred

during the 160s, including the return of the Vietnam troops,

which lead to the relegation of thousands of females to

traditional roles in the home, after aief liberation during

the Vietnam War and this could be considered a factor in Gwens

decision to remain unemployed. Through the exploration of societys

gender expectations in the 160s with reference to Australia

since 180 it becomes evident that women would give their jobs

up for the sake of male employment , and that they would conform

with the suggested female stereotype, taking on the roles of mother

and wife. By focusing on the expectations Gwen felt Meg needed to

fulfill in order to be accepted by society - for example, being

passive and well mannered, it becomes clear that societys over

emphasis on the importance to conform with these expectations

was damaging to the growth of female individuality and

independence in the 160s. This in seen through Gwens attempted

control of Megs life and constant nagging, and also through

the role in life Gwen has adopted as she is an example of a

female member of society who has been confined by gender

expectations and as a result has limited life choices including

the inability to acquire a job, with the primary concern of her

childs well being.

An interview conducted with Helen Walsh discussing life as a

teenager in Australia during the 160s lead to my understanding

that women were bound tightly by societys immeasurable

value of innocence, purity and conformity which confined

female exploration and expression of self. This is shown in

Away by Gwens inability to express her feelings and reasons

for wanting to leave her mother and father , choosing a life of

her own, rather than taking on the role of carer. The societal

expectations placed on her led to her decision to leave without

an explanation rather than face the consequences of her choice

not to conform with such expectations. Her decision makes it

evident that women in the 160s were often faced with the

decision to work outside social norms and be some what rejected

as Gwen was by her parents or face living a life of boredom and

discontentment.

The two fiction films Summer City and The Dish depict the

different roles women chose to take in the 160s. Summer City

focuses on youth rebellion, the changing attitudes and behaviour

of women and their consequences. In the movie a fifteen year

old girl called ………….. agrees to have sex with a promiscuous

young boy because she believes that she is in love. As a consequence

of her behaviour the small town in which she lives black label her and

treat her like the plague, by gossiping behind her back. It is her

non-conformity and rebellion against societys expectations that

lead to her being labelled loose and being rejected by her society.

The character Meg in Away who is seen as a representation of the

rise of feminism in the 160s also expresses rebellion, through

her opinionated expressions, including her discussion with her

father concerning her contrasting opinions with her mother, in

which he comments that shes a good girl for wanting to go

to bed and she replies Im not, Im only tired, to reaffirm her

stance against her mothers opinions unwillingness to give in to

her ideals. Megs rebellion is on a smaller scale that ……., however

through the exploration of the text Summer City, it is understood

that any form of female rebellion in the 60s would have repercussions.

The Dish explores both the younger and older generations of women

and their opposing stances and opinions concerning topical issues.

Marie McIntyre, a feminist who speaks her mind is constantly

belittled and ignored because she doesnt abide or collude with the

values of the patriarchal society in which she lives. Her character

is likened to Meg in Away, similarites in their characters beliefs and

similarities in the way their societies treat them, choosing to oppress

their opinions, reinforce my argument that Australian society in the 160s

placed an over emphasis on the importance of women conforming with

traditional values and as a result confined the growth of female individuality.

Please note that this sample paper on Away is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Away, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom research papers on Away will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Animal Testing

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Animal Testing. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Animal Testing paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Animal Testing, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Animal Testing paper at affordable prices! This issue of animal testing is extremely controversial. This matter can cause many ethical and moral concerns. Good points can be shown from those that oppose animal testing and those for it. I dont believe the issue is either black or white.

It is estimated that about 40 million rats and mice are used in experiments each year. This isnt including other species involved in several different researches. The numbers are quite high and could be decreased if only the crucial tests were performed. The essential studies are those that examine medical advances and certain psychological advances.

Its not acceptable to do several unnecessary tests. Tests for cosmetics could be avoided. Also, testing the effects of a chemical on a species is pointless if you already know that the chemical is harmful. Outcomes of a test are going to be different for a dog or ape as opposed to a human.

To avoid such staggering numbers of animal subjects, experimenters could use alternatives for the study. For example, researchers can now grow a thin layer of cells on a memane and monitor changes in electrical resistance in the cells as they are exposed to test chemicals. There have also been some companies that have developed artificial "human skin" which can be used in skin grafts for burn victims and other patients and can replace animals in product tests. Another alternative is by using computers, scientists can build an accurate model of a human heart that will allow researchers to test new treatments electronically before they are attempted on humans. Computerized "virtual organs" predict how drugs will be absorbed. Drug companies can then test the effects of substances electronically before trying them on a human.However, these alternatives wont always work. Animal testing is acceptable on rats and other small creatures when it is absolutely necessary. Testing this way can be very helpful and has improved the knowledge on many scientific and medical questions. Animal research should be limited to the species of small animals only. The use of larger animals such as dogs, apes, and pigs should be eradicated. These more domesticated animals have become pets and it is harder to see them go through such suffering.

Some activists create many arguments about the principles behind killing so many animals. However, there are an estimated 15 million dogs and cats put to death in pounds and shelters each year. These cats and dogs are put to their death for the simple reason that the pounds and shelters are overcrowded. So maybe there should be an equal amount of conflict protesting pounds.

No matter how awful animal testing seems, in the long run it has benefited many people through medicine and data. Every opportunity to engage in further advancements should be used for the betterment of the human population. It seems unethical to put animals through such pain and torture, but if the testing stopped completely there would be a large amount of human lives lost. Additionally, its better to have animals tested than humans. The health, safety, and importance of the human population outweigh the health, safety, and importance of the rat population.

Please note that this sample paper on Animal Testing is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Animal Testing, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Animal Testing will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Cheap paper writing service

Exactly just precisely the way cheap paper writing service started to be on the market to standard university scholar. Whatever the case, across the expert custom essay writing program, each writing assignment could be very feasible created using no considerably complications. Really, if you go to the expert composing blog, you'll be able to notice and also evaluate the volume of Each of these groups lashed out at society through their art work, for instance Albert Tucker an Australian artist From The Angry Penguins painted rough, textured artworks which displayed Australian women as whores and American soldiers as sleazy and wealthy men, the envy of every Australian man. In this instance he wanted to show the decay of Australian society due to the effects of war.

The Gorilla Girls screamed out to the art community pushing womens role in art and feminism. They wanted equality and chose shocking artworks and magazine articles to promote their cause.

Dadaists (116-1) however rejected art in their art work, startling their audience in a hope for everything against war as opposed to the futurists whose ideals were based around the glorification of war and revolution. Dadaists took it upon themselves to challenge their world by ridiculing, making it clear that all recognised values and morals in society were rendered meaningless in the devastation of war .

Marcel Duchamp (1887-168) one of the many key artists in the Dada movement used technologies in his art making practice to evoke his view of the world. In doing this Duchamp shocked and mortified his audience. In Nude Descending a Staircase (11) where Duchamp painted with the Cubists movement in his earlier years as a painter, the painting of a nude was depicted in a violent, radical and mechanised which was later asked to be withdrawn from exhibition as the audience could not cope with seeing a nude being painted in such an nonconformist technique. Duchamp also exhibited a piece in 117iefly, aptly named Fountain which consisted of a male standing urinal laid flat and signed chaotically R.mott. Duchamp wanted to convey to his audience that art had become "rubbish and of no more use than of everyday objects ". Many art critics claimed his artwork was gratuitous and repulsive fearful that this would lead to demoralisation in society.

During Duchamps and the Dadaists era the reaction and response to their art was shocking and absurd. The art community and society surrounding were accustomed to movements and artists who did not challenge art as a form or set out in their ambitions to ridicule an activity which, they in an ironic sense themselves contributed to.

"We ridiculed everything for nothing was sacred, and we spat on everything because thats what Dada was all about" George Grosz. A significant member of the Dadaist group.

Duchamps relationship in terms of his art making practice and relationship with his art work and audience were inclined towards passive involvement as the audience was required to view the finished product rather than the art making in progress becoming part of the artwork itself.

In the 40 years since Duchamp, the Dadaists, Albert Tucker and the Gorilla Girls, technology has advanced at a rate in the art world and western culture which is constantly progressing without recession. Along with subject matter, the communication link between the artwork and the audience and artists practice have all taken leaps and bounds with technology. Artists like Australian Ken Unsworth ( born 11) who in the late 170s began to engage in performance art, instillation and land art hence changing the way we view art and the materials like performance art and sound, light and movement which are non-conventional in traditional art making practices. By using non conformist materials Unsworth like Duchamp in 11 is questioning What is art? leaving the audience to ponder the question as they interact and examine their artwork.

Although Unsworth and Duchamp belong to different movements of art with different cultural values and a considerable time gap lay between, them they both aimed to implore the audience to understand that their art is merely a visual projection of an emotion, feeling, mood, reaction or sensation, which they experience, then composing these emotions into symbols and reflections of their current state of mind.

Unsworths art contrasting with Duchamps is more interactive in relation with the audience. We know this because unlike Duchamps art Unsworths performance art requires an audience to view whilst the artwork is being produced, rather than seeing just a finished project. Unsworth also utilises the audiences reactions of the performances to make the concept true to Unsworths ideology within his art.

Ken Unsworth uses a significant amount and variety of natural resources to produce his instillations; including large and small river stones, which he suspends in the air with wire to make them look as though they are floating or levitating almost mystical in their presence.

"I like this idea of making art that is timeless or ancient," said Unsworth. "You cant say these pieces are from now or 0 years ago or even a hundred years."

Suspended Stone Series Circle II (00). In this art work when the audience encounters the suspended river stones symbolise bodies held in suspension. Conjuring thoughts of levitating between consciousness and unconsciousness, the material and immaterial, the trapped, opinioned or bound works are concerning equiliium, balance and formal relations. Through all these emotions Unsworth reflects it is also violent and claustrophobic experiences he is projecting.

Audiences in todays society and culture respond to art in a more accepting and open minded view as western cultures amongst others continue to become acculturated and more involved in the art world. Movements like Dadaism, The Angry Penguins and feminist groups paved the path which would manifest, making innovation in art practices, art subject and the relationship between the artist and the audience global.

Artists like Duchamp who embarked on ridiculing the art work through shock value and Anti-Art in turn opened up the possibilities of What is art? and how concepts could be explored.

Bibliography

Books

• Ken Unsworth Art Gallery NSW

• Dada, Art and Anti Art Hans Richter

• Duchamp Janis Mink

Internet Resources

• www.smh.com.au (Sydney Morning Herald)

• www.boredofstudies.org

Please note that this sample paper on Artists and the relationship between artist and audience In their respective time/ context is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Artists and the relationship between artist and audience In their respective time/ context, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom research papers on Artists and the relationship between artist and audience In their respective time/ context will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Citizen Kane

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Citizen Kane. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Citizen Kane paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Citizen Kane, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Citizen Kane paper at affordable prices! The film Citizen Kane is based on a series of flashbacks from the different people in his life. The narrator in Citizen Kane during the News on the March newsreel montage is flawless. Rather than being a character from the film, it is the voice of accuracy. It is an objective rendition of historical fact. Most other narrators have a subjective persona because they are perceived to be telling a story. Citizen Kane goes on to use several more narrators in the film, the Thatcher manuscript, Bernstein in his office, Leland in the hospital, Susan in the El Rancho nightclub, and with Raymond at the end of the movie. Each of these narrations are provoked by the reporter Thompson, who is in turn motivated by his quest to find out what the elusive Rosebud means. Although the narrators cannot tell Mr. Thompson the meaning of Rosebud, they fill in the private side of Kane, the side that not many people got to see.

Citizen Kane is a distorted narrative based on a series of flashbacks told by narrators with varying points of view. A small piece of the film is that which the reporter Thompson is assigned to find the meaning of "Rosebud." Then, narrated by Thatcher, the banker who firstought Charles to the city concentrates on Kanes boyhood and youth. Bernstein, Kanes business associates, concentrates on young, idealistic Kane, founding the newspaper and marrying his first wife. And next, Jed Leland, Kanes former best friend takes Kane to the height of his success and starts the tale of his decline. Susan Alexander, Kanes second wife, narrates her nightmarish singing career and theeak up of their marriage. Then Raymond, Kanes butler, describes Kanes lonely death, and leads Thomson to abandon his search. The epilogue has no narrator or is narrated by the camera which pans across Kanes belonging to discover the mysterious word "Rosebud."

The trauma of the aupt end to Kanes simple childhood seemed to echo throughout the film, from the end, to the beginning, and back to the end. There is obviously more than one narrator in the film, there are several in fact. The reason is because it is sometimes more appealing to the audience when different characters from Kanes past come together and say what they can about his climb to success, fall, and ultimately his death. It is only after Mr. Thompson and the other reporters leave Xanadu that we learn that Rosebud was printed on the sled from Kanes childhood. Although the plot of the film, the search for rosebud, was somewhat insufficient.

Please note that this sample paper on Citizen Kane is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Citizen Kane, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Citizen Kane will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

bedlinen

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on bedlinen. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality bedlinen paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in bedlinen, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your bedlinen paper at affordable prices! Bed Linen is a very important component of any trousseau. Infact wedding gifts without soft furnishings would seem incomplete. A beautiful bedcover adds aesthetic beauty to the room. It gives life to the wood and walls. Newly weds promise to share a beautiful life together and start sharing a room. To them this room epitomizes everything; love, life and romance. Now, this room may have a superb colour combination, may have customized furniture carved out of expensive oak wood, precious crystal show pieces adorning the richness and fine taste but all these are a futile effort if the soft furnishing is not up to the mark. A well co-ordinated bedcover does wonders to the beauty of a room. It makes the room richer, more pleasant and complete. One may end up spending an obscene amount in decorating a room but if he compromises on his bed linen than he may never be able to win that heart warming compliment for his efforts. Over the years, Bed linens have become ideal gifts. Especially if you can have it customized.

Trishis Designer bedroom collection is the solitude effort of Mrs. Meena Ganeriwal. Its product offerings vary from cushions to curtains, bedcovers to duvet covers, night sheets to night lamps and special co-ordinated trousseau sets for that perfect Wedding gift. Offering customized and specialized emoidery from varied regions of the country is the designers forte. The sultry satins, smooth silks and classy cottons in a palette of delicate pastels and dark shades are a class apart. Trishiss makes to order accessories for every need and is luxuriously sensuous. It is a perfect solution for every bed- Elegant yet practical, affordable yet exquisite.

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Homosexuality

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Homosexuality. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Homosexuality paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Homosexuality, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Homosexuality paper at affordable prices! HOMOSEXUALITY

One time, as I was strolling inside a mall, I noticed a guy on my right and we were walking towards the same direction. He was well dressed and well groomed. His shirt neatly tucked in and wearing a nice shiny pair of shoes. He was as fit as Piolo Pascual, as his shirt was hugging every curve of his muscular body. As he and I we were walking leisurely, another guy, practically with the same description approached him. Nonchalantly, they held hands and kissed. My guess was right all along. Hes gay. Dont get me wrong, I have nothing against homosexuals or lesbians and Im neither a homophobic nor a bigot. I guess coming from an "exclusive school for boys" had something to do with it. I got use to being around them, dealing with them, and even befriended some because in San Beda theyre all over the place. The incident at the mall reflects how the society has evolved. Gone are the days when individuals belonging to the so-called third sex are discreet about their sexual orientation where they masquerade under false pretense in order to fit in and be accepted, so to speak, in our conservative and moralistic society. Now, they have created their own niche in society, they have made a mark in their respective fields and professions and have proven themselves worthy of respect and right to be recognized for who they are. They have dispelled the stigma that homosexuality and lesbianism is a disease, a genetic defect, a psychological disorder and a sin to the Creator. But of course, there are still those who continue to hide their skeletons in their closet.

Write my paper on Homosexuality for me Please note that this sample paper on Homosexuality is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Homosexuality, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Homosexuality will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Ameritrade Case

If you order your cheap essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Ameritrade Case. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Ameritrade Case paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Ameritrade Case, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Ameritrade Case paper at affordable prices! Problem Statement

Louis-Henri Jardins is considering opening a European onlineokerage. He is evaluating the economic factors of such a business using Ameritrade as a model.

Analysis of Economic Model

The short-term economic model for an onlineokerage relies on heavy upfront advertising, earned interest, and the management of revenues and costs per trade. Advertising is used to buildand awareness and toing customers to the website. Theokerages value proposition of "convenience, cost, choice", or other services is expected to convince the customer to open an account. The firm then earns money from interest on that balance and from customer trades. In the long-run, theokerage hopes to create enough switching costs and loyalty so that the customer deposits more money and continues to trade.SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

The following sensitivity analysis is based on Henris Ameritrade analysis. The account profit and customer lifetime value calculations can be found at the end of this document (Exhibits A and B).

Transactions per Account

Account profits are not very sensitive to trading volume. If Ameritrade customers were to average 4 trades a year (a 0% increase) profits for customer would only decrease by about 1%. This does raise the point that Ameritrades customer profits have a negative relationship with the number of trades. Currently, Ameritrades transactions are a bigger driver of costs than they are a driver of revenues. Based on Henris analysis, the average transactionings in $1.7 in revenue while costing $1.76.

Fee Revenues per Account

Account profits are sensitive to commissions earned on trades. Holding all other factors constant, if those commissions were raised from $1.7 per trade to $15 per trade, profits would increase by more than 0%. If commissions per trade dropped to $7, the lifetime value of each customer would be negative. Ameritrades low price strategy makes it difficult to capture more value in this area.

Marginal Cost per Transaction

Account profits are sensitive to marginal cost per transaction. If total fees per transaction dropped by a dollar (from $1.76 to $1.76) then account profits would increase by over 1%.

Interest Margin on Margin Loans

Ameritrades current model relies heavily on net interest earned from account balances. Assuming Henris estimates are accurate, Ameritrade currently pulls $156 per account per year. If the average balance of each account dropped from $,000 to $1,500 (a 5% decrease), account profits would also drop by about 5%. If this balance drops to $500 per account, then the customer lifetime value becomes negative. Note, these also assume that Ameritrades enviable 7.8% earned interest is also accurate. If each account maintained its $,000 balance but the earned interest dropped to 5% then account profits would decrease by 5%.

Customer Lifetime Value

The NPV per customer account can be defined as the Customer Lifetime Value (LTV). Based on Henris analysis the 5-year NPV for acquiring a customer at the cost of $148 is $5.8. This gives us an extremely high Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 6%. The 10-year NPV is slightly higher at $55. with an IRR of 8.%. This value is largely driven by the loyalty rate. According to Henri, Ameritrade is expected to experience a 10% attrition rate giving them a 0% loyalty rate. If Ameritrade managed to maintain a 5% loyalty rate, then the 5-year and 10-year NPVs would increase by about 1% and 1%, respectively.

Note that Henris model assumes no sales growth. If Ameritrade managed a sales growth of 10% per year, then the 5-year and 10-year LTVs of each customer would increase 5% and 41%, respectively.

The discount rate is also a key driver of the NPV per customer. If the current discount rate of 0% were reduced to 15%, then the 5-year LTV would increase by almost 18% and the 10-year LTV would increase by %. On the other hand, it would take a discount rate of more than 0% to give the current model a negative NPV so this is not of great importance to Henri.

Recommendations

Invest in Advertising. Given that Henri is late to the game, it will be necessary for him to invest heavily in upfront advertising andand creation. Assuming Henrisokerage was to achieve similar numbers to Ameritrade, even a $400 acquisition cost could result in a positive NPV per customer. Henris firm should also launch campaigns to buildand loyalty.

Avoid Low Price Provider Strategy. Due to Ameritrades low price offering, interest earned per account has become the main revenue generator. While Ameritrade has stated that trading volume is not its strategy, higher commissions on trades could make it far more profitable. Henris firm could differentiate itself by offering online research or educational resources in order to justify a higher premium. In addition, if the site offers customization, portfolio management tools, and some level of personalization it could create more switching costs. Henris goal should be to build stronger loyalty to achieve high customer lifetime value.

Require a Minimum Balance. Given Ameritrades reliance on net interest margins, Henris firm should require a minimum balance of at least $1,000. This number assumes Henris firm achieves similar numbers to Ameritrade. Given that transaction fees are difficult to control and the volatile relationship between the number of trades per customer and economic conditions, this will reduce risks. Henris firm will depend less on trading volume and strong economic times to find success.

Please note that this sample paper on Ameritrade Case is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Ameritrade Case, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom research papers on Ameritrade Case will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

scenarios

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on scenarios. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality scenarios paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in scenarios, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your scenarios paper at affordable prices! What are scenarios?

Scenarios are stories about the future.

Scenarios are images of the future, projected from multiple perspectives on the present and the past. These images intertwine the unpredictable with elements of relative certainty in coherent stories.

Scenarios are a set of organised ways for us to dream effectively about our own future. (P. Schwartz, 11, p. 4) Scenarios help to perceive different futures in the present. They illuminate the future, but they do not predict it. This is very important to keep in mind.

The best scenarios arent necessarily those that come true; they are the ones that subvert expectations, providing deep insights into the changes happening all around us. The better scenarios are, the more they penetrate into the deepest possible understanding of the present. (P. Mc Corduck and N. Ramsey, 16, p.18)

Scenarios are a tool for ordering ones perceptions about alternative future environments, in which decisions might be played out. (P. Schwartz, 11)

History

The use of scenarios as a tool for strategic decision making has its roots in the military. The U.S. Air Force used scenarios in war games. During and after WOII, scenario thinking was taken up by the RAND corporation a research institute in the U.S.A. http//www.rand.org. Herman Kahn further developed the scenario method at the Hudson Institute http//www.hudson.org, which he established after his resignation from RAND. In his famous book The Year 000 (167), Kahn reworked scenarios to a tool for business strategy. From the 160s onward, scenarios found their way into the corporate world.

Shell was one of the first corporations, which started and continued to use scenarios. Theres a famous story about Pierre Wack and Ted Newland, who introduced and used scenarios to warn Shells executives for a possible dramatic rise in oil prices. Therewith, successfully preparing Shell for the oil-crisis of 17. Both were members of the Group Planning division of Shell out of which originated Global Business Network (GBN) http//www.gbn.org. GBN is a network of - so called- remarkable people and corporate members. GBN functions as an international think-tank and consultancy firm. One of its leading figures is Peter Schwartz who wrote one of the most famous books about scenario thinking and its history The Art of the Longview (11)

Nowadays the scenario method is used in a wide variety of fields and professions. Not just for business strategy, but also in conflict mediation projects - among others in South Africa http//www.gbn.org/ and Colombia http//www.gbn.org/ for policy preparing processes as in this Dutch example http//www.minvenw.nl/, for the analysis of the future of countries http//www.gbn.org/, for the analysis of the future of social issues, such as education, and for the film script of Deep Impact http//www.movie-page.com/18/deep_impact.htm.

METHOD

HOW TO

The Scenario Method

The scenario method is a tool for coherent thinking about the future. Scenarios are developed in order to provide deeper understanding of present options for actions - and their consequences - in the light of possible future environments.

Nobody can predict, therefore one should not try. The only relevant discussions about the future are those where we succeed from shifting from the question whether some-thing will happen to the question What do we do if it happens? (A. de Geus)

Note Scenarios are not predictions of the future.

The scenario method is based on the assumption that the future is unpredictable.

In order to prepare for future possibilities it is necessary to consider uncertainties and make them part of your reasoning. This is in contrast with forecasts, which aim at finding the right future. Forecasts neglect uncertainty and thus often fail when they are needed most, namely when sudden unforeseen changes occur.

The world around us in infinitely complex. The scenario method aims at structurally incorporating uncertainty in our thinking, through the reduction of complexity to manageable proportions without ignoring alternatives by oversimplifying it. Using the form of stories to develop a number of consistent pathways into the future does this.

Scenarios are made in order to increase understanding of current options in the light of possible futures. (P.M. Schütte)

How do you do it?

Why and What?

Before you start, you will have to ask yourself a number of questions. The most important of which is

· Why do I/we want to make scenarios?

· What do I/we hope to achieve with it? [Finding a balance between content & process]

· What are the objectives

· Who is the self in relation to which we are composing scenarios?

Once youve answered these questions, you will have to think about the design of your scenario project. Who to involve, etc. Once you have done this, too. Its time to get going.

Rules of Thumb

First of all, there are a three rules of thumb to which scenarios must conform they must be relevant, novel and substantial.

Scope

Scenarios focus mainly on the contextual environment , a number of categories have been distinguished to which cover most of what is going on in the world, as a guidance for your research. Furthermore, scenarios deal with possible futures, and not with probable or desirable ones.

Horizons

Scenario horizon

Before you start you should determine a horizon year, in which your scenarios take place. You usually try to put the horizon year as far away as possible. It should not be so far away, that it is virtually impossible to say anything sensible about what could happen. In other words, we are not writing science fiction. On the other hand, in order to stretch the mind and include some out of the box thinking, one should get out of the comfort zone (period of time, about which we feel confident as to what will most probably happen). Therefore it is necessary to go as far into the future as you can.

Strategy horizon

If you are going to develop strategic options by using scenario thinking, you should also determine a strategic horizon year. This is usually not so far ahead. Strategy focuses on concrete actions you can take in the near future. You will have to evaluate and revise your strategy frequently to check whether you are still on the right track.

Research research_proc.htm

Every scenario project starts by doing research. Naturally, the amount and scope of which will depend on your time and resources.

Scenario building blocks

The future consists of predetermined elements and uncertainties. Also called driving forces.

Scenario Framework

Once you have gathered al your data and transformed them into clusters, you create a Scenario structuring space. In this space you place all the clusters according to impact and predictable outcome. Once you have done this you consider the driving forces in the outmost corner bottom right and infer two main driving forces, which are independent of each other, to form the axes of the scenario matrix.

It is very important that the driving forces on the axes are as independent as possible of each other. The axes form the framework in which your scenarios will take place. They should leave as much space as possible to contain developments without becoming hollow phrases. If they are dependent on each other you will actually have only one axe of the matrix covered, since a development on the one will have a consequence for developments on the other.

Following this you will have to determine the extreme outcomes of each axe.

And finally you should come up with a name for each of the four scenarios. A good name for a scenario is very important. It should be a concept or a short sentence, which is easy to remember and captures the content of the scenario. (Convergence)

Creating the story

Summarising Scheme for scenario construction

New insights

Revised scenarios

GO TO THE FORUM

Finding a balance between Content & Process

Scenarios can help with

· Surmounting blind spots

· Understanding whats happening around you

· Articulating important questions

· Increasing awareness of insufficient connection

· Clarifying strategic options

· Articulating strategy

· Solving problems

· Directing mental models towards action

Some Rules of Thumb for Effective Scenarios

Relevant

· Illuminate current issues

· Respond to certain circumstances

· Link to current mental models (link naar mental models pagina)

Novel

· Contain new ideas or perceived old ideas

· Challenge existing mental models and strategies

· Provide fresh perspectives

Substantial

· Improve understanding of the present

· Be well researched

· Be internally consisten

Scope I

The scenario method distinguishes three levels of analysis the self, the transactional environment and the factual environment.

Click here for an example of a Corporation as the self.

The first level of analysis is the self. This is the starting point from which you look into future. The basic question here is How will possible future events influence the self? The self can be you as a person, an organisation, a village, a family, or even a nation state. The self is the level in which you have most direct influence in comparison to the other levels.

The second level; the transactional environment (link naar transactional environment) is the environment directly surrounding and interacting with the self. In case the self is you as a person, then your family and friends would be part of the transactional environment. When the self is a village, then the region and nation state, of which that village is part, will be placed in the transactional environment. In the case of a company as the self, the transactional environment will be formed by all the stakeholders of that company, such as shareholders, clients, suppliers and so on. At this level elements can still influence each other, but less so and often more indirectly than on the level of the self. This is the level of actors.

The third level is the contextual environment. This level contains the rest of the world which influences the self, but which the self cannot influence very easily or at all (in case of the weather for instance). At this level the world presents itself as facts to the self, since it can do little to change it. It is the context in which we live. This context might include technological developments, such as the spread of Internet. Furthermore, this level contains larger and often slowly changing structures in society, such as ecological changes, the development of nation states or the capitalist system on which most of the worlds economies are based. This is the level of factors.

Note Scenarios are stories about the third level. They explore the world around us as it presents itself to us and influences our scope of action. By using scenarios to make sense of this world you try to look from the outside to the inside. In other words, the movement of thought goes from aoad view of the context to a more focused view of the self.

Scope II

Another way of categorising the scope we deal with using scenarios is

PESTE

Which stands for the

· Political environment

· Economical environment

· Social environment

· Technological environment

· Ecological environment

By exploring important developments in all these categories you will be able to cover a large part of what is going on in the world. Of course these categories are not so neatly divided as they seem to be in this model. Most developments can be placed in two or more categories. Most importantly, these categories are interconnected and interactive. It is this dynamic relationship, which offers useful information. The scenario method tries to capture the complex dynamics of these interactions in the scenario stories.

Scope III

Yet another way of categorising the scope of scenarios concerns

POSSIBLE, PROBABLE & DESIREABLE Futures

Scenarios deal with POSSIBLE futures. If you want to find out about the PROBABILITY of certain future developments you will have to use other methods of analysis. The reason scenarios deal with POSSIBLE futures instead of PROBABLE ones is because the scenario method aims at thinking structurally about uncertainties. In order to be able to do so, it is important to take into account as many possibilities as you can. Therewith developing a feel for the complexity of the world around you. By looking for PROBABILITIES youll have to give priority to a number of possibilities, therewith reducing the number of uncertainties. Basically, using the scenario method is diametrically opposed to searching for PROBABLE futures, which you do using forecasting methods.

Note Because, the human mind can handle only a number of possibilities at the same time, the scenario method prescribes the creation of three or mostly four scenarios. The stories should structurally differ from each other in terms of content. This is the reason why it is not advisable to create two scenarios, because they will tend to become opposites of the same spectrum. For example, in one scenario all will go well, and in the other all will go wrong. You end up with an Utopia and a Worse case scenario. Even when writing three scenarios one should be careful to avoid Utopia, Worst case & The Avarage between them.

The Research process

Focus

The research process, with which each scenario study starts, aims at an analysis of the present and the past. This analysis focuses on

· Speed of change

· Cause and effect and other relations

· Driving forces

· Whats already in the pipeline?

· What can still be influenced, or what is uncertain?

Mental Models

Mental models refer to our perceptions of the world. Our image of reality. Scenarios aim to stretch these mental models. In order to do so, a self-reflecting attitude is very important throughout the scenario process.

ainstorming and Clustering ideas

In the scenario research process you will have to look for driving forces forces which propel change in the world. In order to find these driving forces it is useful to start with aainstorm. You dont want to overlook things thus you try to get as many ideas on the table as possible (divergence). Because too many loose ideas are unworkable the next step will be to group ideas in clusters by combining them into a smaller number ofoader concepts, which can be related to each other (convergence). While forming and studying these clusters, you should be able to detect the driving forces of the system you are dealing with.

Interviews

A good way of gathering information and ideas is interviewing people. Try to interview people from diverse backgrounds, whom are related to the area of the issue concerned. (divergence)

After you have been through the whole process of creating scenarios, it is usually a good idea to invite some interesting people over to get their opinion on the subject. You can digest their reaction into the scenarios to enrich them.

Scenario Building Blocks

Driving Forces. Predetermined Elements & Critical Uncertainties

In the research process you will have to look for driving forces forces which propel change in the world. In order to find these driving forces it is useful to cluster ideas and combine them into a smaller number ofoader concepts, which can be related to each other. While forming and studying these clusters, you should be able to detect the driving forces of the system you are dealing with.

Kees van der Heijden defines a driving force as a variable which has a relatively high level of explanatory power in relation to the data displayed in the cluster. Driving forces can be placed in a continuum from predetermined elements to critical uncertainties. They are usually outside our direct personal control. A number of examples of driving forces are political or economical trends, technological developments or large-scale environmental degradation. (scope I and scope II) It is very important to recognise and understand the driving forces and the impact they have on the question you are dealing with.

Both predetermined elements and critical uncertainties are closely related. Initial uncertainty is not the same as indeterminacy; understanding of underlying structures can contain uncertainty. Furthermore, by questioning assumptions about perceived predetermined elements they might turn out not to be as predetermined as they seemed and the other way around. This process of questioning might lead you to change your mental map of reality. Or at least, your will be able to consider your actions in advance for, when something you never thought would happen, does occur.

Driving forces are the building blocks of scenarios. They help to structure the exploration of the future.

Scenario Building Process

Creating the story

A SCENARIO IS

AN ARCHETYPE OF THE PAST

+

AN INTERPRETATION OF THE PRESENT

+

AN INTERNALLY CONSISTENT STORY DESCRIBING A ROAD FROM THE PRESENT TO A FUTURE.

In order to write a scenario, as described above, you need the following elements

· Driving forces or scenario building blocks Behaviour over time from key variables

· An end-situation This is a description of what the future will look like in the horizon year. It is the end of the story.

· A key event This is an event or happening, which gives impetus to the story. The key event gives a major impulse to the changes, which are about to take place in the scenario. Key events mark the beginning of a process or a change of direction; therefore, it is useful to start the scenario with a key event.

· The plot or storyline(s) This is the internally consistent development from the present to the future.

Directing mental models towards action

What is

Scenario Planning?

Scenarios are specially constructed stories about the future. Each scenario represents a distinct, plausible world. The purpose of scenario planning is not to predict the future; but rather, to show how different forces can manipulate the future in different directions. It is very important to realize this, for this procedure helps to identify these forces if and when they happen. The utility of scenario planning lies in its ability to anticipate the future. When this is accomplished, the ability to better respond to future events is increased.

How to write scenarios...

First, we needed identify the focal issue or decision. Of course, we could simply tell stories of what we think may happen in the future, but our task was to narrow the scenarios down to a specific issue. Only then could we build, expand, and learn from our scenarios, enabling us to make better decisions. We found that sometimes the questions can be quiteoad (e.g. What will be the future of technology in banking?) or quite specific (e.g. How will technology change and reshape the physical structure of present-day financial institutions?).

We then had to identify the primary driving forces of today to predict the events of tomorrow. These forces are detailed in the sidebar to the left. Scenarios are not necessarily good or bad; they are, in fact, a potpourri of circumstances and events.

It [scenario planning] can prepare us in the same way that it prepares corporate executives it helps us understand the uncertainties that lie before us, and what they might mean. It helps us rehearse our responses to those possible futures. And it helps us spot them as they begin to unfold. (Wilkinson, Scenarios Special Wired Edition, January 16 )

Please note that this sample paper on scenarios is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on scenarios, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on scenarios will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Animals Should not be used for the Entertainment of Humans

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Animals Should not be used for the Entertainment of Humans. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Animals Should not be used for the Entertainment of Humans paper right on time. Out staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Animals Should not be used for the Entertainment of Humans, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Animals Should not be used for the Entertainment of Humans paper at affordable prices! Man and animals have walked this planet Earth together for millions of years. But God made Man smarter than the other species. A race that could make up for their lack of physical strength with their incredible mental capabilities. A race that could survive in almost anywhere in the world given the necessary resources. A race that grew up to be proud and arrogant of their superiorities, such that they began to make use of the other creatures to do their bidding. To carry logs, or for ridiculous health products or as vehicles. But by far, I believe the most humiliating purpose is the usage of animals as toys for our own pleasure and entertainment. I believe animals should not be used for the entertainment of humans. My argument will prove how inhumane this act is and that it merely portrays a barbaric and uncivilized image of Mankind that Man constantly denies.

One might argue that we use animals for entertainment because of our fascination for them and that we respect them, which is why we want to show them to the society, to be awed by their beauty. But is it proper to lock them up in cages or to deny them the freedom they were meant to be born into or make them do silly, humiliating juggling acts? This, obviously, does not prove our admiration and fascination in anyway but it only shows that we wish to humiliate them as much as possible, almost as though we hate them. We use them as entertainers in circuses and at zoos where they are openly humiliated. But why should we care, the creatures wont understand this humility. Whether or not these animals do understand this humility or not, this situation can be likened to a situation where by a boy insults a deaf man right in front of him. While the deaf man may not know he is being foul-mouthed, it is more of a matter or moral integrity and being civilized. Similarly, we must act as the civilized race we claim to be.

While humility of the animals is one thing, a more serious issue is the fact that in the process of getting these animals to entertain us, we actually are harming them in a variety of ways. For example, in one occasion, animals from a Spanish circus were being transported by ship to Indonesia for a show. Apparently a container went missing and the animals in it had to endure two weeks of unbearable heat and hardly any water or food. By the time they were found, most of the animals were either dead or dying. But often, this pain is not inflicted accidentally but also on purpose. During circuses, to make tigers stand on their hind legs and walk on them, trainers sometimes burn their fore legs to prevent them from using them. Elephants are drugged and hurt by being stabbed or being electrocuted to make them more docile and to make them follow instructions without striking back. It is a complete infringement on animal rights and it is simply barbaric and cannot be allowed to go on!

Animals may be less smart than Man, but that does not give us the right to make use of them as toys to entertain us when we feel like it. If that is the case, why not we use people with mental retardation or people with mental problems to entertain us because of their lack of mental capacity. We do not do this because they are our own kind and only we have the right to do this. Similarly, who gives us the right to control the destiny of another animal not even of human race? Zoos have recently been seen as a place where animals can beed and protected from the harsh world outside, but I feel the opposite is occurring. By placing them in zoos, we are removing their freedom they were born with. Instead every moment of the day, they have got people watching their every move. Furthermore, in contrary to the fact animals are kept in the zoo toeed, animals seem toeed a lot less while in captivity than when in the wild. When they are released into captivity, they cannot survive for long because all the skills of survival in their habitats have either been forgotten or not even taught in the first place. As a result, these points prove that the zoo has been quite unsuccessful in their missions.

At the end of it all, it will occur in ones mind that animals are not iven a choice in the forst place to make this their lives. They get caught when the young or when a bit older but they are not give a choice, which is unlike human entertainers, where they agree to it and perform.

As you can see in the argument I have put forward so far, the usage of animals for our entertainment is uncivilized, barbaric and inhumane. I hope that together, we as humans, can stop this childish act and understand that animals, while they not be as mentally capable, demand a certain amount of due respect.

Please note that this sample paper on Animals Should not be used for the Entertainment of Humans is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Animals Should not be used for the Entertainment of Humans, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Animals Should not be used for the Entertainment of Humans will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!